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The production temperature profile for the sixth cycle of the LFE is shown in Figure 7 During the 4 hours of enhanced production, the production temperature increased from 181.6°C to 192.1°C, for a net temperature change of 10.5°C. This small change in temperature during the daily cycle of peaking power production should have a minimal effect on the integrity of the production casing and surface piping. In operations at Fenton Hill extending over the past 10 years, the production wellbore has been repeatedly cycled from full production temperature down to the geothermal gradient with apparently no adverse effects. Figure 7 The Production Temperature Profile for the Sixth Cycle of the Load-Following Experiment. Although we were able to achieve a power augmentation of 65% for a period of 4 hours each day during the LFE, there are several engineering approaches that could increase this peaking factor even more. For instance, for the LFE testing, we operated the reservoir at an injection pressure level somewhat below that required to open and extend the joint network at the periphery of the existing reservoir region. If the ambient pressure level of the HDR reservoir were to be increased to the maximum allowable pressure without reservoir growth, this would correspondingly increase the fluid storage in the pressure-dilated joints surrounding the production well, providing additional drainage volume for the transient periods of surging flow. In addition, since the properties of the fluid in an HDR reservoir are under our control, the composition of the fluid could be altered to allow a continued pressure drawdown below 3.4 MPa, down almost to the vapor pressure of the production fluid (1.24 MPa at 190°C). To implement this strategy at our Fenton Hill HDR site, it would be necessary to add an appropriate amount of ammonia to the circulating water to prevent the evolution of the dissolved CO2 known to be present Cyclic Testing Summary A unique new method for operating an HDR reservoir to produce both baseload and peaking power has been experimentally demonstrated. In initial tests of this concept, an enhanced thermal power output of 65% for a period of 4 hours each day was obtained. This enhanced power output was obtained from a level of baseload operation that was within only a few percent of the previously determined optimum steady-state reservoir operating conditions. The principal objection to cycling the production from any geothermal reservoir has been the temperature cycling induced in the production wellbore. However, in this present method of surging the production flow, the temperature excursions were limited to only about 10.5°C. 14PDF Image | Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development in the USA
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