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EPA = Environment Protection Authorities; often the highest approving Authorities for power generating projects. ETFG = Expander Turbo Fan Generator, being used in the Hydrodynamic-Power Plant Type B. EB = Energy Boundary; as described in the energy laws and principles. EM = Energy Meter; being applicable for a specific medium to indicate residual of gradients or a potential energy. FDPE = (spent) Fluid Recycles Derived Water Column Potential Energy. This refers to spent working fluid being recycled and reformed into water column potential energy in the water storage tower. Hidro+ Smart Generator = Brand Name for the Generating Plants utilising Hydrodynamic-Cycle Process. Hydrodynamic Power Technology = is the name for the Technology. Hydrodynamic-Cycle = Is the process principles of the technology, invented by Ing. James Kwok of Australia. The Technology is protected under granted international patents and patents pending. There are also various granted international patents and patents pending for specialised mechanical devices and systems. Hybrid = The process that re-cycle a waste-energy as a by-product to do work; or utilisation of an energy either generated mechanically or electrically resulting from a by-product or a by-process to do work. These processes is also called as a combined-cycle, being more than one-cycle that normally called an open- cycle. Hidro+ International Group = The principle and owner of the technology and intellectual properties. Inert = Refers to a body of energy lacks of vigour and/ or a meaningful potential energy, and thus on its own unable to do any work. Derived/Reformed = Refers to an inert body of energy subsequent transformation due to molecules attractions under gravitational force with vigour having a meaningful and significant potential energy; and thus capable to do work. KJ = Kilo Joule or 1000 Joules of energy. kW = Kilo Watt or 1000 Watt of electrical energy; electricity tariff is rated as: kWh. LEG = Linear Electric Generator being applied in Hydrodynamic-Power Plant Type A. It converts gravitational potential energy into electrical energy directly, thereby minimising conversion losses. LEG is also a patent pending by HIA (Hidro+ International Group). MJ = Mega Joule or 1,000,000 Joules of energy. MW = Mega Watt or 1,000,000 Watt of electrical energy; Power generation is rated as: MWh. MWe = Mega Watt of electrical; this is to differentiate with MWt = Megawatt Thermal as applicable in power generation having a steam-cycle. OSMOTIC PROCESS = Refers to reversing of traditional reverse osmosis process. This process is used successfully by Statkraft of Norway to harness the potential energy from the processes involving mixing raw water from river with ocean water with high salinity. OTEC = Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion, is harnessing the ocean thermal gradients as a natural occurrence or phenomena. The harnessing process including ORC (organic rankine cycle), where low boiling points gases or liquids are used to cause expansion and increase pressures when subject at close to ambience conditions. PATENTS AND PATENTS PENDING = Refers to Hydrodynamic-Power technology being granted with patents protection internationally. Patents process takes 3 to 5 years, with final assessments are undertaken by panel of experts, known as the International Examiners at the International Patents Office based in Geneva. Patents processes are very expensive and granted only for a subject matter that is: “Novel” (means none previously submitted by any others world wide having even a slight similarity or material); “Inventive- Steps” (again it means none previously submitted by any others world wide having even a slight similarity or material that shown as merely a small change or modification); “Industrial Applicability” (means it must be able to be used for industrial application as it is intended or other potential industrial uses; any subject matter perceived by the Examiners as a perpetual, is a total rejection). Whilst: Patents Pending = Refers to patents that is still under process, whilst international protection is granted based on the priority date of submission. This early process is very time consuming and very expensive as technical experts and competence Attorneys are driving the program that can be complex in procedures, policies, laws and jurisdictions. P&ID = Process and Instrumentation Diagram; being the generating plant processes principle for automation, and being designed based on plant’s operational logic and control philosophy. PRE-COMMERCIAL PLANT = Refers to Hydrodynamic Power Plant proven pre-commercial James Kwok ; Hydrodynamic Power Technology. © Copyright Ing. James Kwok CPEng FIEAust. All Rights ReservedPDF Image | HYDRODYNAMIC POWER TECHNOLOGY
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