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• Ten largest power plants in Hawaii by generating capacity – 1999 o Kahe – Petroleum – 582 MW - Oahu o Waiau – Petroleum – 457 MW - Oahu o Kalaeola Co-gen – Petroleum – 261 MW - Oahu o AESHawaii–Coal–189MW-Oahu o Maalaea – Petroleum – 168 MW - Maui o Honolulu – Petroleum – 100 MW - Oahu o Port Allen – Petroleum – 97 MW - Kauai o H-Power–Waste–61MW-Oahu o Hawaiian Com & Sugar – Coal/biomass – 58 MW - Maui o WHHill–Petroleum–35MW–Hawaii • All forms of energy used for primary energy production in Hawaii have some form of waste heat – usually significant quantities • How much waste heat in Hawaii? o ~ 9 billion kW-hr/year electricity from fossil fuels o Conservative estimate: From stack gases: ~ 356 million kW-hr/year From cooling water: ~ 534 million kW-hr/year Total: ~ 890 million kW-hr/year (~10% of total energy production in Hawaii!) o Waste heat potential in Hawaii is quite significant • Petroleum/Diesel Power Plants o Kahe Power Plant – Oahu o Maalea Power Plant – Maui • Showed a simplified conceptual flow diagram for a diesel combined cycle o Heat recovery vapor generator for flue/hot gas o Distillation/condensation sub-system o Heat recovery vessel utilizing jacket water from engine cooling system • Peak design capacity for diesel combined-cycle/bottoming cycle depends upon: o Diesel exhaust gas temperature and flow o Fuel sulfur content (limits the minimum stack temperature) o Type of cooling available (water or air cooled) o Capacity of diesel generating station o Site ambient conditions o Diesel back pressure requirements o Bottoming cycle design • Design capacity comparison o First case study Kohinoor Energy Ltd. – Pakistan 8x Wartsila 18V46 diesel units Existing Rankine bottoming cycle = ~ 8 MWnet Initial Kalina Cycle® design = ~ 13.3 MWnet (+66%) Optimized Kalina Cycle® design = ~ 16.0 MWnet (+100%) 25PDF Image | Innovative Energy Systems Workshop
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