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• Economics of bottoming cycles for large diesel generation stations o Capital costs: ® Kalina Cycle Kalina Cycle® more than diesel generation power plant o Savings in fuel cost more than makes up for additional capital Savings on fuel is dependent upon fuel type o Include impact of standby diesel generation capacity for frequent diesel unit maintenance • Economic viability of adding Kalina bottoming cycle to existing diesel generation station: o Size of the diesel station o Number and capacity of each diesel unit o Diesel unit annual average capacity factor o Diesel unit exhaust heat rejection o Capital cost of the Kalina bottoming cycle power plant o Avoided cost of energy (purchased energy tariff or cost of fuel and O&M) o Kalina Cycle® power plant O&M o Escalation assumptions o Discount rate or cost of capital o Debt assumptions o Tax assumptions • Other potential plants in Hawaii o Coal burning facilities AES Hawaii, Inc. - Oahu o Biomass/waste power plants Hawaiian Com & Sugar (Coal/biomass) – Maui H-Power (waste) - Oahu o Large industrial facilities Tesoro refinery - Oahu o Geothermal power plants Puna Geothermal Venture – Hawaii Showed schematic of existing Puna geothermal facility Showed schematic of potential addition of Kalina Cycle® system capturing waste heat from unused brine and condensate • Husavik/Puna Resource Comparison o Husavik, Iceland Plant Brine flow: 90 liters/sec @ 120° C CW flow: 180 liters/sec @ 4° C Power generated: 1.7 MWnet Total cost: $1,875,000 ($905/kW) o Puna Geothermal Venture Plant Brine flow: 189 liters/sec @ 149° C CW flow: 85 liters/sec @ 40.6° C o Should the Puna Kalina Cycle® be air cooled or ocean water – design question! less than Rankine bottoming cycle ($/kW) 27PDF Image | Innovative Energy Systems Workshop
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