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M e Mo ot t o or rC Co o n nt t r ro ol ll le r r 2m 2 x 8 ‘ S d mx x3 3 or m m~ rt t S ~6 Sk 6’ k ’x i id Flow Meter orifice Haskel Pumps For cavity purge Pressure Drop Orifice Motor-Driven-Compressor Inlet plenum Haskel Pumps For System Fill Figure 2-1: Engineering drawing of S-CO2 Compression loop test skid. A schematic layout of the compression loop, including the water cooling loop, is provided in Figure 2-2. Estimates of the state points, based on thermodynamic cycle analysis that show the temperature, pressure, flow rate, and power level of the components, are also provided. The “compression” loop consists of a motor-driven radial compressor (~50 kW), a flow meter (located after the compressor), a pressure drop orifice (in place of the turbine), and a gas chiller (50 kW). The main compressor in this loop is designed to operate at 75,000 rpm with a pressure ratio of 1.8 and a mass flow rate of 3.5 kg/s. These operating conditions are representative of the main compressor that will be used in all subsequent S-CO2 Brayton loops (Wright, 2008). Notice that the entire 50 kW of heater power is rejected across the gas chiller, but that the temperature difference across the gas chiller is only 0.7 K for the design flow rate of 3.5 kg/s. This small change in temperature for such a large heat transfer is simply a reflection of the non-ideal properties that occur in CO2 near the critical point and also illustrates some of the control issues. The key component in this supercritical compression loop is the motor-driven compressor unit which is shown in Figure 2-3 as an engineering drawing. The first configuration of the motor-driven compression unit uses ball bearings. This allowed the thrust load to be measured via a load cell. The ball bearings are expected to have a limited lifetime that varies from 20 hours to 2000 hours depending on the thrust load that is assumed. The switch to gas-foil bearings was made in May of 2009. A photo of the as-built and assembled S-CO2 compression loop is shown in Figure 2-4. The photo shows a portion of the motor control system on the left side of the image. The data acquisition and control system is sitting on a cart, and the turbomachinery is located just above the data acquisition computer monitor. The large blue tank in the back of the image is the 50 kW tube-a-shell spiral heat exchanger. The water cooling was initially provided by PVC tubing that has since been changed to copper. S u up pp po 5 50 0k 15 k W WG Ga as s P Pr re e - -c co o o ol l e e r rPDF Image | Operation and Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle
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