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shown on this plot. A similar plot on the temperature-density curve is also plotted. Notice that in this test the compressor inlet conditions started out on the saturation curve and that as we increased shaft speed the inlet temperature increased sufficiently to exceed the critical temperature. Figure 5-3: Image from the Sandia S-CO2 compression loop control system showing the location of the state points on the T-S diagram. Red and green points are compressor inlet and outlet conditions (respectively) and the blue points are the T-S conditions after the flow control valve which is at the inlet to the gas chiller. 5.1.3 Entering the Dome (Saturation Curve) The supercritical Brayton cycle takes advantage of the non-ideal properties of S-CO2 to increase the efficiency of the cycle near the critical point. This requires that the compressor inlet temperature and pressure be maintained at conditions that are very close (~1-2°C ΔT, and 100 - 400 kPa ΔP) to the critical point. Because of the close approach to the critical point, it is desirable to understand the behavior of the system in case the compressor inlet-control system allows the inlet-conditions to drift below the critical point. During system start up and preheating, Sandia and Barber Nichols have operated the compression loop for long periods of time (hours) while the compressor inlet conditions were below the critical point and thus in the two-phase region. The power provided by the compressor was generally capable of heating the loop cooling water and thus raise the compressor inlet temperature to above the critical point after a few hours of spinning. Figure 5-4 shows the measured temperatures during the portion of the test where the two-phase region was entered. C Co om m p pr re e s ss so or rE Ex xi it t( ( G G r r e ee en n ) ) G G a as s C Ch h i il l l le e r rI In n l l e e t t ( ( B B l l u u e e) ) Compressor Inlet (Red) Entropy (BTU/lb-F) 47 Temperature (F)PDF Image | Operation and Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle
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