Operation and Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle

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Operation and Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle ( operation-and-analysis-supercritical-co2-brayton-cycle )

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2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 P100 P300 P301 P400 P500 Pdrain RPM1 65000 55000 45000 35000 25000 15000 5000 -5000 Measured Pressure in Sandia Supercritical CO2 Compression Loop (081017_1443) Pressure (psia) RPM 89600 89650 89700 89750 89800 89850 89900 89950 90000 90050 90100 Time(s) Figure 5-8: Measure pressure rise for the stair stepped increase in shaft speed. P500 is the compressor outlet pressure, P400 is the compressor inlet pressure, and P100 is the static pressure at the tip of the compressor blade. Pdrain is the rotor cavity pressure that was reduced to reduce windage losses. 5.3 Compressor Performance The compressor wheel and its detailed design were developed by Sandia’s contractor Barber Nichols using a variety of existing in-house tools and codes. Because the deviation of supercritical CO2 fluid properties from ideal gas behavior is extreme, early attempts to use existing design tools and couple them to the NIST REFPROP (Lemmon, 2007) equation of state database (or other databases) for supercritical CO2 proved unsuccessful. Furthermore, because the formulation and solution methods used by the available design tools is based on heat capacity rather than enthalpy, it is not even practical to rewrite existing design tools to call non-ideal fluid property libraries in place of equations derived from idealized fluid assumptions. For the supercritical CO2 compressor, Sandia’s design contractor Barber-Nichols developed a methodology that allows traditional engineering design tools to be used despite substantial deviation from ideal gas behavior. The method involves the use of a surrogate fluid that possesses key similarities to the 52

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