ORC-TEKNIIKAN MAHDOLLISUUDET YDINVOIMALAN LAUHDE-ENERGIAN

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ORC-TEKNIIKAN MAHDOLLISUUDET YDINVOIMALAN LAUHDE-ENERGIAN ( orc-tekniikan-mahdollisuudet-ydinvoimalan-lauhde-energian )

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3.4.4 HC-kylmäaineet HC-yhdisteet ovat hiilivetyjä. Hiilivedyt ovat palavia kaasuja, jotka eivät aiheuta ot- sonikatoa. Niiden vaikutus kasvihuoneilmiöön on verrattain pieni. Yleisimmät kyl- mäaineina käytetyt aineet ovat isoputaani ja propaani. Propaanin käyttöä tutkitaan vielä Euroopassa. 3.4.5 Muut kylmäaineet On olemassa muitakin kylmäaineiksi soveltuvia aineita, joita ei suoranaisesti voida liittää edellä mainittuihin ryhmiin. Esimerkiksi Ammoniakki (NH3) ja Hiilidioksidi (CO2). Ammoniakki ei ole kasvihuonekaasu eikä se ole haitallinen otsonikerrokselle. Ammoniakki on myös palava neste. Hiilidioksidi on hyvin kauan käytössä ollut kyl- mäaine. Hiilidioksidi on palamaton ja hyvin yleinen kaasu ilmakehässä. Tässä tutkimuksessa rajataan pois kaikki CFC-, HCFC- ja HFC-yhdisteet niiden tu- levaisuudessa kyseenalaisen käytettävyyden takia. HC-aineista propaani on ominai- suuksiltaan hyvin samankaltainen ammoniakin kanssa. Kahta samankaltaista kierto- ainetta ei haluttu ottaa tutkimukseen, joten propaanin ja ammoniakin väliltä valittiin ammoniakki. Ammoniakki on hyvin yleinen kylmäaine, joten sen saatavuus on hyvä. Tästä syystä ammoniakki on hyvä ottaa mukaan tutkimukseen. Hiilidioksidin omi- naisuudet ovat hyvin erilaiset kuin ammoniakilla. Hiilidioksidi tekee uutta tulemis- taan kylmäainesaralla sekä sen saatavuus on hyvä. Myös hiilidioksidin käyttöä tar- kastellaan tutkimuksessa. 16

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