ORC-TEKNIIKAN MAHDOLLISUUDET YDINVOIMALAN LAUHDE-ENERGIAN

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ORC-TEKNIIKAN MAHDOLLISUUDET YDINVOIMALAN LAUHDE-ENERGIAN ( orc-tekniikan-mahdollisuudet-ydinvoimalan-lauhde-energian )

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Lauhduttimen läpi puhaltavan ilman lämpötilanmuutosta nostamalla saadaan puhal- lusmäärät huomattavasti pienemmäksi, mutta tämä saa aikaan huomattavan prosessin hyötysuhteen ja tehon putoamisen. Kuvassa 15 näemme tehon ja prosessihyötysuh- teen pysyvyyskäyränä, ∆T ollessa 6 K. 36 80,00 70,00 60,00 50,00 kW 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 % 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0 Saatu nettosähköteho sekä prosessihyötysuhde. Höyrystimessä kiertävän meriveden lämpötila = +4,99°C ‐ +34,99 °C Lauhduttimessa kiertävän ilman lämpötila = ‐15,74 °C ‐ +22,53 °C Kiertoaine: Ammoniakki. Meriveden virtaus höyrystimessä =100 kg/s 8 808 1608 2408 3208 4008 4808 5608 6408 7208 8008 h/a Nettosähköteho (kW) Prosessihyötysuhde (%) Kuva 15. ∆T on 6 K sekä asteisuus 1 K molemmissa lämmönvaihtimissa. Pysyvyys- käyrässä on esitetty prosessihyötysuhde ja nettosähköteho 4.4.3 Yhteenveto laskentatuloksista Työssä oli rajattu tukimusta niin, että kiertoaineista otetaan huomioon ainoastaan ammoniakki ja hiilidioksidi. Lämmönlähteenä toimii pelkästään ydinvoimalan lauh- duttimelta poistuva merivesi sekä ORC-prosessin lauhduttimen jäähdytteenä toimii joko kylmä merivesi tai ilma. Höyrystimenä toimii vesi jolloin lämmönvaihtimen asteisuus on 1 K ja lämpötilan muutos 2,8 K. Kiertoaineiden osalta ammoniakki osoittautui paremmaksi. Hiilidiok- sidia käyttäessä prosessin kiertoaineen mennessä yli 304 K (30,85 °C) ohjelma ei kykene laskemaan prosessin arvoja, koska tilapiste menee ns. kriittiselle alueelle, jossa kiertoaineen olomuotojen muutokselle ei ole tarkkoja rajoja höyrystyslämmön poistuessa. Turbiinien tuottama teho on kutakuinkin sama ammoniakilla ja hiilidiok-

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