Policy Department Renewable Technologies

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Policy Department Renewable Technologies ( policy-department-renewable-technologies )

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Assessment of Potential and Promotion of New Generation of Renewable Technologies ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. State of the Art and Further Potential for Emerging Technologies This chapter briefly presents the main features of promising technologies and further technological development perspectives in the medium term for the five areas listed below. Mature technologies such as onshore wind power, wood pellet fuelled heaters, solar collectors etc., which also have a potential for further development, are not considered in this study. The technical state-of-the-art of the different technologies is described in the text and the results are presented in tables. This section includes data regarding current and future prospects of: • costs and lifespan of the technology; • energy efficiency and environmental performance (such as product characteristics, resource use and waste management issues); • foreseen developments and research areas; and • the estimated potential of their EU deployment. The work is based on the SET-Plan documents published by the European Commission in 2007 and 2009 as well as on independent literature including Strategic Research Agenda documents by relevant European Technology Platforms. 1.1. Offshore Wind Offshore wind power is in its early commercialization stage. The first offshore wind parks have been installed to gain early commercial experiences. Today most of the wind turbines used for offshore wind farms do not yet incorporate dedicated offshore technology. The evaluation of wind power focuses on offshore wind power. In particular, the following issues are addressed: • Large wind turbines (>7.5 MW) • Floating foundations Foreseen developments and research areas: • Foundations and turbine erection • Condition-monitored operation and maintenance • Cluster control to improve grid interconnectivity • Electricity transport, e.g. DC switches in mashed HVDC grids Until now, most of the offshore wind farms consist of wind turbines with a capacity of 2 to 3 MW [SRA 2008]. Wind turbines with a capacity of 5 to 6 MW are also available meanwhile. Only recently the German wind turbine manufacturer Enercon has introduced a version of the E-126 (rotor diameter: 126 m) with a capacity of 7.5 MW for preliminary onshore locations with high wind speeds (the version for midland installations for lower wind speeds has a capacity of 6 MW). This turbine could also be used for offshore wind farms. 8-12 MW wind turbines with a rotor diameter of up to 200 m are under development [Wind-Kraft Journal 2009]. IP/A/ITRE/ST/2009-11 & 12 1 PE 440.278

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