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ISSN: 2277-3754 ISO 9001:2008 Certified International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 12, June 2013 A novel adsorption air-conditioning system used in internal combustion engine for a cooling locomotive driver cabin was investigated. This system employs the zeolite-water as working pairs and is driven by the waste heat from exhaust gas of internal combustion engine. Then the refrigeration capacity can be continuously and steadily provided to the locomotive driver cabin for space cooling instead of the electric vapor compression air-conditioning system. The experiments showed that the single absorber with regenerator locomotive driver cabin air-conditioning system is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and convenient to control [37]. Absorption refrigeration unit interfaced with a Caterpillar diesel engine has been used for cooling the charge air prior to ingestion to the engine cylinder or for other cooling purposes such as air conditioning. They have shown that a diesel absorption combined cycle with pre-inter cooling will have a higher power output and a thermal efficiency than the other configurations. On the other hand the overall efficiency of a pre inter cooled cycle is lower than that of the inter-cooler [38]. D. Mechanical Turbo-compounding A compressor and turbine on a single shaft, It is used to boost the inlet air (or mixture) density. Energy available in the engine‟s exhaust gas is used to drive the turbocharger turbine which drives the turbocharger compressor which raises the inlet fluid density prior to entry to each engine cylinder. The fig shows a turbocharged and turbo-compounded internal combustion engine is shows in fig. 6. The turbo demonstrates a method that is presently utilized widely to convert waste energy to improve the efficiency and power output of the internal combustion engine. The problem with current turbochargers is that they do not extract all the possible energy available. The concept of using a turbine to recover energy comes from the turbocharger. The turbocharger is a mechanism that increases the power output of the engine using a turbine. Rather than using the turbine to power a compressor, the turbine could be connected to a generator. Alternatively, a series of turbines could be connected to a series of generators. Fig. 6 Turbocharger If an efficient design was implemented the alternator could be removed from the car to improve the efficiency of the engine by lowering the load on it and by decreasing the weight of the car itself. A turbine of this nature would have to be situated after the catalytic converter [39]. V. CONCLUSION It has been identified that there are large potentials of energy savings through the use of waste heat recovery technologies. Waste heat recovery defines capturing and reusing the waste heat from internal combustion engine for heating, generating mechanical or electrical work and refrigeration system. It would also help to recognize the improvement in performance and emissions of the engine. If these technologies were adopted by the automotive manufacturers then it will be result in efficient engine performance and Low emission. The waste heat recovery from exhaust gas and conversion in to mechanical power is possible with the help of Rankine, Stirling and Brayton thermodynamic cycles, vapour absorption. For waste heat recovery thermoelectric generator is use low heat, which has low efficiency. It is helpful for the same amount of increases in thermal efficiency and reduction in emission. REFERENCES [1] T. Endo, S. Kawajiri, Y. Kojima, K. Takahashi, T. Baba, S. Ibaraki, T. Takahashi, “Study on Maximizing Exergy in Automotive Engines,” SAE Int. Publication 2007-01-0257, 2007. [2] K. Nantha Gopal, Rayapati Subbarao, V. Pandiyarajan, R. Velraj, “Thermodynamic analysis of a diesel engine integrated with a PCM based energy storage system,” International Journal of Thermodynamics 13 (1) (2010) 15-21. [3] Hakan Özcan, M.S. Söylemez, “Thermal balance of a LPG fuelled, four stroke SI engine with water addition,” Energy Conversion and Management 47 (5) (2006) 570-581. [4] P. Sathiamurthi, “Design and Development of Waste Heat Recovery System for air Conditioning,” Unit European Journal of Scientific Research, Vol.54 No.1 (2011), pp.102-110, 2011. [5] S. Karellasa, A.-D. Leontaritisa, G. Panousisa , E. Bellos A, E. Kakaras, “Energetic And Exergetic Analysis Of Waste Heat Recovery Systems In The Cement Industry,” Proceedings of ECOS 2012 - The 25th International Conference On Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation And Environmental Impact Of Energy Systems June 26-29, 2012, Perugia, Italy. [6] H. Teng, G. Regner, C. Cowland, “Waste Heat Recovery of Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines by Organic Rankine Cycle Part I: Hybrid Energy System of Diesel and Rankine Engines,” SAE Int. Publication 2007-01-0537 (2007). [7] M. Hatazawa, “Performance of a thermo acoustic sound wave generator driven with waste heat of automobile gasoline engine,” Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 70 (689) (2004) 292–299. Part B. [8] Diego A. Arias, Timothy A. Shedd, Ryan K. Jester, “Theoretical analysis of waste heat recovery from an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle,” SAE paper 2006-01-1605. [9] J. Vazaquez, M.A. Zanz-Bobi, R. Palacios, A. Arenas, “State of the art of thermoelectric generators based on heat recovered from the exhaust gases of automobiles,” Proceedings of 7th European workshop on thermoelectric, 2002.S. 99PDF Image | Review on Exhaust Gas Heat Recovery for I.C. Engine
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