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[Petr et al., 1997]. The study focused on the Brayton and recompression supercritical CO2 cycles. The effect of re-heating on the recompression cycle was investigated as well. The re-compression cycle with re-heating gave the best cycle efficiency. It was found that this type of cycle is mainly suited for high temperature nuclear reactor application and for combined cycle fossil technology, however here the benefit is not as significant and more detailed studies have to be conducted in order to determine the benefits. The main disadvantage is the low specific work of the supercritical CO2 cycle compared to steam or helium, which results in smaller system efficiency improvements compared to the traditional combined cycles, because the fraction of total power output provided by the supercritical CO2 cycle is low. The work continued and in 1999 the published conclusions were [Petr et al., 1999]: • Due to the high pressure of CO2 at the turbine inlet (25 – 30 MPa) the maximum turbine inlet temperature is, due to material considerations, limited to ~600oC. • The cycle efficiency is higher than the helium or air Brayton cycles operating at the same parameters. • For application to fossil power plants it is necessary to co-utilize a steam cycle. The efficiency of such a combined cycle is on the order of 51%, which, however, does not exceed the efficiency of current gas turbine/Rankine combined cycles. • For nuclear heat sources the most promising is the application to reactors operating with outlet temperatures of 450 – 600oC, which are mostly in the developmental stage. • Overall the application venue of the supercritical CO2 cycle is very narrow, and depends on the future development of suitable nuclear reactors. A preliminary design of turbomachinery was performed demonstrating their compactness and high efficiency (more than 90%). The seals and blades may need further investigation as their parameters are out of the range of current industrial practice; nevertheless there are no significant issues that would prevent this development. 35PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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