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3 Computational Models To perform the desired cycle calculations a code called CYCLES was developed. This chapter presents the description of the computational models used in CYCLES and the structure of the code. First the approach to modeling of different Brayton cycles is described. Then the description of the component modeling such as turbines, compressors and heat exchangers is addressed. Finally, the integration of these into the cycle calculations is presented. 3.1 CYCLES Code Philosophy The requisite code was developed in FORTRAN 90. The code is based on the fact that any type of Brayton cycle consists of a combination of compressors, turbines and heat exchangers. Heat exchangers can be divided into three categories. Recuperators (sometimes called regenerators, i.e. the working fluid is on both sides, but does not necessarily have the same mass flow rate) are used to preheat the working fluid before it enters the component in which the heat is added to the cycle (reactor or intermediate heat exchanger). Pre-coolers and inter-coolers (i.e. working fluid on one side and cooling medium, usually water, on the other) are used to reject heat from the cycle. Intermediate heat exchangers (i.e. reactor primary coolant on the hot side and the working fluid on the cold side) are used for heat addition into the cycle. In the case of the direct cycle a reactor can also be considered as a cycle component; however since the code in question is for steady state only, the reactor affects the cycle performance solely through its pressure drop, therefore unlike the other components the reactor was not explicitly modeled. The more sophisticated approach would be to develop a code that would be capable of evaluating any type of power cycle based on the conservation equations and a library of components. However, since the level of generalization would be very high this approach was not taken. Turbomachinery components, i.e. turbine and compressor, are modeled in subroutines COMPRESS and EXPAND for compressors and turbines respectively. Both 39PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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