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5.3 Partial Cooling Cycle Another cycle layout investigated by Angelino is the partial cooling cycle (Figure 5.2). Its operation is similar to the previously described cycle. However, there are two main differences. The first is that only a fraction of the working fluid is compressed in the low temperature (main) compressor (or pump). The rest is compressed in the recompression compressor that is introduced before the pre-cooler and after the pre- compression compressor (or pump). The second difference is the introduction of another pre-cooler before the pre-compression compressor. Thus again more heat is available for the regeneration process. After the compression in the main compressor (or pump) a fraction of the working fluid is heated in the low temperature recuperator and then merged with the flow from the re-compressing compressors that is at the same conditions. The fluid is further heated in the high temperature recuperator and the reactor and then expands in a turbine. After the expansion in the turbine the fluid regenerates the available heat to its high-pressure stream. Then it enters the pre-cooler in which it is cooled to the pre-compressing compressor inlet temperature, which is usually the same as the main compressor inlet temperature. After leaving the pre-compressing compressor the working fluid is split into two streams. One is sent to the pre-cooler and the main compressor (or pump). The other is recompressed in the second recompressing compressor to the high temperature recuperator inlet conditions, and then it is merged with the stream from the main compressor. This solves the pinch-point problem, since due to the lower mass flow rate on the high pressure side of the low temperature recuperator the mass flow weighted heat capacity of the streams is about equal and a pinch point does not occur. This cycle improves its efficiency by reducing the average temperature of heat rejection. The first part of the heat is rejected at much lower temperatures (9 to 10) than the main portion (11 to 1). In addition the recompression causes that heat to be rejected from only a certain fraction of the fluid. This further reduces the medium temperature of heat rejection as the first cooling (9 to 10) has higher weight than the second (11 to 1) 107PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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