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Figure 6.18 shows that the cycle efficiency decreases linearly with the increasing compressor inlet temperature. This would be an encouraging result (since it is the same behavior that can be seen for ideal cycles) if the optimum pressure ratio would not be significantly affected. We can see that the optimum pressure ratio decreases rapidly as the compressor inlet temperature increases. At some point its value saturates once the compressor operates far enough away from the critical point and fluid properties are not as significantly affected by it. This indicates that if the cycle is designed for a certain compressor inlet temperature, operation at a different compressor inlet temperature will result in a significant decrease of the cycle efficiency since the cycle will be operating away from its optimum pressure ratio. It was shown in Figure 6.3 that the cycle efficiency is significantly affected if the cycle operates off its optimum pressure ratio with fixed design of the heat exchangers. From the steady state point of view the compressor inlet temperature does not have a significant effect on the cycle optimization. Therefore, cycles operating with compressor inlet temperatures farther from the critical temperature can still achieve significantly better efficiency than ideal gas cycles operating at the same conditions. Nevertheless, increasing the compressor inlet temperature to 50oC causes the efficiency to drop by about 5%. As the main compressor inlet temperature increases the recompressed fraction decreases (Figure 6.19). At 32oC its value is around 0.4, but at 50oC it is reduced by almost half (the value is about 0.22). As the main compressor inlet temperature increases the effectiveness of both recuperators change (Figure 6.19). This is caused by the fact that they operate more in the ideal gas regime, further from the critical point. This equalizes the specific heat of the hot and cold streams in the recuperators. Therefore, the temperature difference profile in the recuperators is affected. The effect is especially important in the high temperature recuperator, which operates with equal mass flow rates on both sides. Therefore the more constant the specific heat the more constant the temperature difference becomes. This results in the reduction of the high temperature recuperator effectiveness. The low temperature recuperator effectiveness increases because its temperature difference profile is more even and therefore is not as significantly affected by the change of the operating conditions. In addition, the value of recompressed fraction changes as well, which improves the low temperature recuperator 131PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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