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8 Economic Analysis 8.1 Introduction Economic analysis is one of the most important and most difficult tasks in assessing the potential of a new technology. This is caused mainly by the fact that the cost of the components and their assembly into a system can be based only on expert opinion. In the case of the supercritical CO2 cycle the similarity with the helium Brayton cycle is helpful since many studies and economic assessments have been already performed. With the exception of the main components, for which costs have to be estimated, the cost of the support and auxiliary systems can be to a reasonable degree taken from helium Brayton cycle economic estimates as both cycles will need similar systems. Since the supercritical CO2 cycle is intended to replace the steam cycle the relative cost of the cycle compared to the steam cycle rather than the absolute value of the cost is of main importance. The economic analysis that is conducted in this chapter will focus on the direct supercritical CO2 cycle. The costs of the gas cooled systems are taken from the report published by the Gas Cooled Reactor Associates (GCRA) [GCRA, 1993]. This report presents a comparison of a helium cooled high temperature reactor with a steam cycle, helium Brayton direct cycle and helium Brayton indirect cycle. From this comparison it is possible to obtain consistently generated costs of these three power cycles. The supercritical CO2 cycle is more efficient than the steam cycle and its operating and maintenance costs are not expected to exceed those of the steam cycle. Therefore, if the capital cost of the supercritical CO2 cycle is lower than that of the steam cycle the electricity generation cost will be lower as well. 8.2 Evaluation Methodology The cost estimation methodology developed by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) [Delene and Hudson, 1993], which is recommended for cost estimates of 182PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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