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toward capital recovery, then operations and maintenance (O&M), and then any profit is split with the host. RED is technology neutral, looking for the most cost-effective, efficient way to recover energy out of waste heat. The company signed an agreement in 2008 to develop a 40–44MW waste heat to power project with Globe Specialty Metals' unit West Virginia Alloys, at a silicon manufacturing plant. The project, which is the company's first, was anticipated to cost between $45 million and $55 million to complete. Initially slated to be completed in 2010, the project is not yet online as of June 2011. KGRA Energy KGRA Energy Corp. was founded in 2009 and is based in Lake Forest, Illinois. The company identifies, finances, engineers, develops and, sometimes, operates and owns waste heat to power projects. KGRA serves as either a provider of engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) services or a system owner, depending on the preference of the heat host. The company works with a variety of technologies and vendors, selecting the equipment and approach that best suits the project site. KGRA feels that one of the company's strengths is in the area of financing, where the company has developed expertise and where the benefits of a well-structured deal can be material. KGRA anticipates completing its first project in July 2011, which will be 800kW in size, use ORC equipment provided by TAS Energy, and harvest heat from a thermal oil loop currently used to dry cut lumber, at a facility in Ayden, North Carolina. The company has multiple other projects in various stages of the proposal process. These proposals target heat hosts in the cement, natural gas transmission (compression station), steel, chemical, mining, power plant (including biomass power plants), and pulp and paper industries. While the majority of proposals sell power back to the heat host, KGRA offers the option of signing a PPA with a third party. Technological Developments: Improving Project Economics Since the development of the ORC power block, there have not been any major innovations that have opened up new markets or drastically altered the economics of waste heat to power projects. However, a few companies are trying, with activity concentrated in two primary areas. The first area is the development of the Kalina cycle, an alternative to the organic Rankine cycle that utilizes a mixture of water and ammonia as the working fluid. The second area focuses on the development of new expanders for the organic Rankine cycle, with an emphasis on economic electricity production in small waste heat to power projects operating at low temperatures. ©2011 IDC Energy Insights #EI229456 Page 7PDF Image | Waste Heat to Power Still Waiting for a Breakthrough
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