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Potential, Sustainability and Barriers Potential – The global capacity of desalination plants, including renewable desalination, is expected to grow at an annual rate of more than 9% between 2010 and 2016, with a cumulative investment of about USD 88 billion. As seen in Figure 5, the market is set to grow in both developed and emerging coun- tries such as the United States, China, Saudi Arabia (SA) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A very significant potential also exists in rural and remote areas, as well as islands (Figure 5, rest of world, ROW) where grid electricity or fossil fuels to generate energy may not be available at affordable costs. About 54% of the global growth is expected to occur in the MENA region (Pike Research, 2010). The International Energy Agency projects that in the MENA region, because of the growing population and depletion of surface and groundwater resources, the total water demand will increase from 9 bil- lion m3 in 2010 up to 13.3 billion m3 in 2030 (IEA, 2005). As a consequence, the desalination capacity in the MENA region is expected to grow from 21 million m3/d in 2007 to nearly 110 million m3/d by 2030 (of which 70% is in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Algeria and Libya). This will 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 (1E6 m3/d) ROW Algeria Spain India Australia Kuwait Israel China USA UAE KSA 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Figure 5 – Global installed desalination capacity, 2010–2016, (Pike Research, 2010) Water Desalination using Renewable Energy | Technology Brief 15PDF Image | Water Desalination Using Renewable Energy
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