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Wind Energy Development in the Great Lakes Region: Current Issues and Public Opinion Conversely, Americans are more convinced of the economic benefits of turbines. While 85% of Americans within the Great Lakes Basin believe that wind energy projects create jobs and revenue for land owners, only 68% of Ontarians agree (see Figure 10). Figure 10 Comparative perceptions of economic benefits of wind energy “Wind turbines offer economic benefits to communities, such as job creation and revenue for land owners” 35% 33% Ontario 13% 11% US 4%5% strongly somewhat somewhat disagree disagree agree Note: “Not sure” responses not shown. Margin of error ±7% for Ontario and ±5% for US strongly agree 35% 50% It is unclear what is causing Ontario residents to be more cautious toward wind energy. Knowing that Ontario has much more wind development than other states in the Region, one might contend that the high penetration of wind technology in the province might be putting more residents in contact with turbines, and souring their perceptions of the technology. Or further, that the rapid implementation and approval of new large windfarms in Ontario, combined with the lack of opportunity to appeal these decisions, has led to heightened criticism and media attention. Such a finding would be contrary to previous research finding that opinion toward wind energy actually tends to improve once turbines are built in an area.48 And indeed, residents in Illinois and Minnesota, the two Great Lakes states with even more wind turbines than Ontario, were just as keen on increasing onshore development and acknowledging the benefits of wind as the states in the Region with less wind development. Based on the findings from this survey, therefore, it is unlikely that simply increasing the amount of wind energy sours public sentiment. Another hypothesis that could account for Ontarians seeming less enthusiastic toward wind could be that it isn’t the amount of installed wind energy, but rather the likelihood that wind energy might be coming to one’s own municipality. In contrast to Illinois and Minnesota, all of the current and future wind development in Ontario is expected to be within the hydrologic boundaries of the Great Lakes Basin. The only portion of Illinois within the Basin (and therefore, the survey sample) is the Chicago metro area, where high population densities are wholly unsuitable for wind development. The portion of Minnesota within the Basin—along Lake Superior—while not densely populated, has some of the poorest wind resources in the state. Because utility-scale wind projects are almost exclusively sited in rural areas, to test what impact living in an area potentially suitable for wind development has on attitudes toward wind, we compared the answers for those that reported that they lived “in a rural area” to those who self-reported living in some other type of community. The data shows that Basin residents who live in a rural area are more likely to agree that wind turbines produce visual or aesthetic problems that reduce nearby property values (see Figure 11). 11PDF Image | Wind Energy Development in the Great Lakes Region
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