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Analysis of possibilities for 1MW electricity generation from waste heat in the port of Rotterdam Page 9 INTRODUCTION In Rotterdam there is a lot of waste heat available due to the large amount of industries that operate there: power plants, chemical industries, refineries, etc. This heat has low temperature and it is usually rejected to the surroundings (via water or air). There is District Heating network already in place in the city of Rotterdam that redirects some waste heat into heating the buildings of the city. But the demand varies greatly throughout the year so that in summer there is more waste heat available than in winter. Is there any other way of using the excess heat? Could we use it to produce first-grade energy? The conventional methods of electricity production through a thermal cycle require high temperatures due to the law of Carnot’s efficiency: the higher the difference of temperatures, the higher the efficiency. There is, however, a type of power plant that operates in a narrow range of temperatures: OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion), which uses the difference of temperatures between the surface and the depths of the ocean. The idea for this Master Thesis originated with the following question: could OTEC technology be used in Rotterdam in order to produce electricity from waste heat? If we formulate this idea in a more formal way, we have our research question: Under which conditions would it be feasible to use waste heat of the companies in Rotterdam in order to produce 1 MW of electricity? We will use thermodynamics in order to determine the optimum parametres and the efficiencies of the heat-electricity conversion. And the same industries that produce waste heat could easily be our clients, wanting to buy our carbon-free electricity. Therefore, we will also perform an economic analysis in order to determine whether this type of investment would be profitable. Finally, we will analyse the impact of such a project into the environment: a heat recovery plant would save carbon dioxide emissions but maybe the working fluids pose a higher threat to the environment.PDF Image | 1MW electricity generation from waste heat port of Rotterdam
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