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Analysis of possibilities for 1MW electricity generation from waste heat in the port of Rotterdam Page 45 4 KALINA CYCLE 4.1 Pre-selection of cycles There are several variations on this cycle: in his patent, Dr. Kalina proposed several different cycles (named KCS-#) [Ref. 58] and the company Kalex developed some others (named SG- #) [Ref. 59]. Table 4.1 below shows the application range for some of this cycles. Cycle name Application range Sources between 200-400oC Direct-fired applications Bottoming cycle in a combined cycle Sources between 100-200oC, low- temperature geothermal (high-end) Sources between 100-200oC, low- temperature geothermal (low-end). Used in Húsavik Low temperature heat sources, with an initial temperature of up to 310 °F (155 °C.) It is a simplified version of SG-2a Wide range of heat sources, with initial temperatures of geofluid up to 400 °F (205 °C.) Range of initial temperatures from 310 °F to 400 °F or higher The schematics of the SG cycles can be found in Annex B.6. Our application with the Rotterdam waste heat is comparable to the low-end range of geothermal applications. Therefore, we will use the KCS-34, the same used in Húsavik and thus we will use the same values as a starting point for our simulation. The details of the Húsavik operating conditions can be found in Annex B.7. 4.2 Cycle-Tempo modelling The diagram of this system in Cycle-Tempo is shown in Figure 4.1: KCS-1 KCS-5 KCS-6 KCS-11 KCS-34 SG-2a SG-2c KALEX NEW CYCLES ORIGINAL KALINA CYCLES SG-2d SG-4d Table 4.1 – Kalina cycles and application rangesPDF Image | 1MW electricity generation from waste heat port of Rotterdam
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