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1MW electricity generation from waste heat port of Rotterdam

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1MW electricity generation from waste heat port of Rotterdam ( 1mw-electricity-generation-from-waste-heat-port-rotterdam )

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Analysis of possibilities for 1MW electricity generation from waste heat in the port of Rotterdam Page 113 H Safety sheets H.1 Description of safety measurements The following definitions have been taken from the Safety Glossary of The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory,Oxford University [Ref. 82] The Flash Point of a chemical is the lowest temperature at which a flame will propagate through the vapour of a combustible material to the liquid surface. Put more simply, it is the minimum temperature at which the liquid produces a sufficient concentration of vapour above it that it forms an ignitable mixture with air. Note that the source of ignition need not be an open flame, but could equally be, for example, the surface of a hot plate, or a steam pipe. The Auto-ignition Temperature of a chemical is the lowest temperature at which a material will ignite without an external source of ignition. The Flammable Limits refer to the conditions under which a mixture of a flammable material and air may catch fire or explode. If the percentage of flammable material in the air is between the minimum and maximum limits, the presence of a flame or a source of ignition is likely to lead to rapid combustion or explosion. Flammable limits for many materials are in the range 2 - 10%, but for some materials the limits are much wider. Ether (diethyl ether) for example, has flammable limits of 1.7 - 48%, which is an unusually wide range. This, coupled with the low boiling point of ether (34.6 C) and high vapour pressure at room temperature (400 mm Hg at 18C) means that it is easy to create a potentially explosive mixture of ether in air, and renders this compound an extreme fire hazard. The material for which flammable limits are quoted may be a flammable liquid, such as ether or methanol, or a powder or dust such as flour or grain dust. Flammable limits are also sometimes refered to as explosion limits. A Corrosive material is one which causes damage to skin, eyes or other parts on the body on contact. The technical definition is written in terms of "... destruction, or irreversible damage to living tissue at the site of contact". Often this damage is caused directly by the chemical, but the action of some corrosive materials is a consequence of inflammation which they may cause. Concentrated acids are obvious examples of corrosive materials, but even dilute solutions of bases such as sodium or ammonium hydroxide may also be very corrosive, particularly in contact with the eyes. A Toxic substance is one that is capable of causing injury or damage to a living organism. A wide variety of materials are considered as toxic; examples are sulfuric acid whose action is notably corrosive; compounds of heavy metals like tetraethyllead, which may act as systemic poisons; selenium compounds, such as selenium dioxide and natural products such as the aflatoxins. IDLH is an acronym for Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health. This refers to a concentration, formally specified by a regulatory value, and defined as the maximum exposure concentration of a given chemical in the workplace from which one could escape within 30 minutes without any escape-impairing symptoms or any irreversible health effects. This value is normally referred to in respirator selection. TheNFPA,the National Fire Protection Association, is responsible in the USA for classifying substances according to their fire and explosion hazard.

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