ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF DENSE GAS FLOWS: APPLICATION TO ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES TURBINES

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ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF DENSE GAS FLOWS: APPLICATION TO ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES TURBINES ( analysis-and-optimization-dense-gas-flows-application-to-org )

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The experiments related to BZT fluids have not been extensively funded by industries because of the uncertainty about a concrete exploitation of BZT fluids, and because of a difficulty to show clearly a concrete advantage with respect to other low power systems in a wide region of working conditions. The first attempt to show experimental evidence of existence of non classical rarefaction shock waves in the vapor phase was made by Borisov [7][12]. A steep rarefaction wave in Freon-13 was observed to propagate with no distortion and it was claimed to be a non classical rarefaction shock. Their results has been challenged by many authors [10][33][35][12] and their measurements are likely to be influenced by critical point and two-phase phenomena. In 2003, a non classical shock-tube facility [35] has been constructed and tested at the University of Colorado at Boulder, but many technological problems, including the imperfect burst of the shock-tube diaphragm and the thermal decomposition of the working fluid, prevented the observation of a rarefaction shock wave in fluid PP10 (Pf - perhydrofluorene, C13F22). In [52] the preliminary design of a Ludwieg tube experiment for the verification of the existence of nonclassical rarefaction shock waves in dense vapors is critically analyzed by means of real gas numerical simulations of the experimental setup. 1.1.2. Shape optimization for dense gas flows For what concerns the airfoil geometry optimization with dense gas flows, the first study on this topic has been achieved by Rusak [25][29], who consider the construction of low- drag shapes for non-lifting inviscid flows of dense gases through the Transonic Small Disturbance Theory. In [23], similarity solutions of a nonlinear small-disturbance equation, describing a two-dimensional near-sonic potential flow of dense gases, are studied. The solutions are applied to the problem of a near-sonic small-disturbance flow of dense gases in the surrounding of two-dimensional, slender, semi-infinite bodies with xn generators, where 2/7

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