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Biomass Based Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Tech

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Biomass Based Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Tech ( biomass-based-small-scale-combined-heat-and-power-tech )

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Combined Heat and Power Generation Combined heat and power (CHP) or cogeneration is defined as the simultaneous production of both useful heat and electric power in the same plant. The biggest advantage of cogeneration is the high total efficiency this gives resource effective operation which is crucial if the emission targets are to be fulfilled but also for achieving economic viability. Efficiencies up to 90% have been achieved with CHP, compared to the conventional way of generating electricity and heat in separate plants which achieves efficiencies up to about 60%. Figure 1.2 shows the difference between cogeneration and separate generation. It can clearly be seen why this technology is interesting for the future. Especially on the small scale market were CHP could replace the more common heat only plants. Figure 1.2 CHP vs separate generation, [9] At present there are numerous methods of cogeneration with biomass. The most common and promising technologies along with their respective state of development are listed in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 Different biomass based CHP technologies Technology Steam Turbines Steam Engines Gas Engines Gas Turbines/Combined Cycle Externally fired gas turbines (EFGT) Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Stirling Engine Present State of Development Established Under development(demonstration units) Established Under development (demonstration plants) Under development (pilot plants) Established Under development (pilot plants) 4

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