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The concept of externally fired gas turbines (EFGT) has three main advantages compared to ordinary gas turbines (IFGT) [29], namely: • The availability to use hot gases as energy input • The possibility to burn difficult fuels • The option to use atmospheric combustion Still the common problem for the technology is to construct a high-temperature gas/gas heat exchanger, that can transfer the heat needed to increase the turbine inlet temperature to required levels and at the same time withstand the stresses opposed by the “reactive” hot gases, [28]. On the other hand a heat exchanger is easier to construct for such conditions than a turbine. 2.3.2. Reference Plants As mentioned most of the reference plants are still under development. They are however still interesting seen in a future perspective and are therefore included in this report. Simulations made by Anheden was also included since they are based on Swedish conditions. Anheden Simulations Anheden [28] has made simulation of an EFGT from a Swedish perspective. The idea is that such a system would work perfectly in a decentralized CHP-plant or in combination with a pulp-mill or lumber industry. Simulations were made on two plants, one open and one closed cycle. A description of how a closed cycle works is presented in the following. To make it easier to follow the flow paths the system was divided into to two cycles, the furnace- and the EFGT-cycle. A flow sheet is shown in Figure 2.12. Furnace Cycle A CFB1 furnace is used to fire biomass and produce hot flue gases. The furnace heats up the compressed air in the EFGT-cycle by feeding the flue gases through FGHX (4) and by cooling the heated sand in the EBHX (3). The temperatures in FGHX and EBHX amount to 550°C and 850°C respectively. Having the highest temperature in the EBHX which uses heated sand will minimize the corrosion problem otherwise caused by the biomass flue gases. The remaining heat in the flue gases is used to pre-heat the combustion air and to produce district heat in the flue gas condenser (10). 1 Circulated Fluidized Bed Furnace, see Appendix G for description 28PDF Image | Biomass Based Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Tech
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