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Economic Evaluation The investment of the pilot plant amounts to 2.5 M€, [35]. Extracting efficiencies from Figure 2.17a, at about 0% water in the turbine, an electric efficiency of ~12% and a total efficiency of ~65% is achieved. For the calculation of the COE, the method described in Chapter 1.3 is used. If the conditions shown in Table 2.12 is used with the presented investment and assumed efficiencies the COE amounts to 124 €/MWhel. It is predicted that a plant of the size 2.5 MWel will require an investment of 5 M€, using this value with the same efficiencies and conditions the COE becomes 72 €/MWhel, [35]. But since the full system has not been tested yet, and the investments just have been estimated these figures are very uncertain, Table 2.12 Economic assumptions for the Vrije plant Interest rate Economic lifetime Technical lifetime Annuity factor (a) Additional cost per fuel unit (b) O&M factor (c) Fuel cost (Cfuel) Annual operation hours [h] Summary EFGT Unit Data [%] 6 [years] 20 [years] 20 0.087 [€/MWhfuel] 2.2 0.02 [€/MWh] 15 [hours] 5000 2.3.3. At present there are a few problems to solve before the technology can be commercialized. First the construction of a gas/gas heat exchanger that can withstand stresses from the hot gases must be prepared. This problem could be solved in a number of ways. One obvious method would be to build the heat exchanger of some heat resistant material which prevent slagging, fouling and corrosion and at the same time is able to withstand high enough temperatures to make the electric efficiency sufficient. One other method could be to construct the heat exchanger with the aim to facilitate cleaning and further create an automatic cleaning system which would remove deposition. Yet another approach could be to gasify the biomass in a counter-flow gasifier, which generates a product gas with low temperatures and therefore might prevent highly reactive substances as alkali salts to form. The product gas could then in theory be clean enough for combustion directly before the heat exchanger. If the problem with the heat exchanger is solved in an adequate way, this technology could compete for market shares on the decentralized small scale CHP market. It might even have a better chance of succeeding as a cogenerations unit for saw- and pulp mills, since this ensures more annual full load operation hours, which would benefits EFGT because of its high electrical efficiency and poor part load behavior. The COE varies between 72-124 €/MWel but since there are no commercial plant in the size range considered in this study it is difficult to predict the actual COE, however if the cost is somewhat near 72 €/MWel this technology is something to considered in the future. 35PDF Image | Biomass Based Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Tech
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