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initial investment could be expected for a new plant of the same type. Accounting for that, the electric generation cost reduces to 73 €/MWhel. Harboore The Harboore plant, financed by the Danish Energy Agency is located on the west coast of Denmark and was taken into operation in 1993. Initially the 4 MWth gasifier only provided district heat but in the year 2000 a gas cleaning system was developed. And later that year two 1000 kW Jenabacher gas engines was installed for electricity generation, [14]. Gasifier The Harboore plant uses an updraft gasifier with a rotating grate. Furthermore the gasifier is equipped with a rotating impeller feeding the fuel. As gasification agent is moist air, saturated at 65°C and superheated to 150°C is used. The humidifier using a scrubber which is heated by returned district heating water. The product gas exits with a temperature of 75°C and contains 80 g/Nm3 of tars and acids. The ashes falls through the grate to a water-lock which are conveyed by screw feeders to a container, [14]. Technical Description A process description of the Harboore plant is shown in Figure 3.10. An automatic crane systems loads wood chips with a typical moisture content of 42% into a feeding chute, from which it is transported by three screw feeders into the gasifier. The product gas generated by the gasifier is cooled in two sequential shell and tube district heating heat exchanger in which large amount of tars, water and most of the particles are separated. Further the remaining water/tar aerosols and dust are cleaned in a wet electrostatic precipitator (ESP). This results in a tar and dust content below 25mg/Nm3. The gas has a net calorific value of 5.6 MJ/Nm3, thus suitable for the gas engines. Accordingly the gas is fed to the engines by a booster fan and the two Jenbacher engines drive a generator which produces electricity. Furthermore the engines exhaust gases are cooled in the exhaust boiler to about 100°C before they are fed to the stack, [14, 43]. The tar contaminated water (1200 kg/h) from the coolers and ESP is separated in a coalescer into 100 kg/h of heavy tars with a net calorific value of 27 MJ/kg. These tars are used as peak load firing in the auxiliary oil/tar hot water boiler. The remaining 1100 kg/h of water is still contaminated with lighter tars and acids and needs further cleaning. This is done by the TARWATC process, which uses hot water from the engine exhaust boiler to evaporate the contaminated water. Thus separating the light tars, however the steam is still slightly contaminated and is therefore heated in counter flow with clean steam from the high temperature reactor before entering the reactor it self. In the reactor some of the light tars are burned to increase the temperature further before it is fed to a district heating cooled condenser. The inert gases are fed to the stack and the condensate fulfils the environmental regulation for disposal in municipal systems, [14, 43]. 45PDF Image | Biomass Based Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Tech
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