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with gas and is recycled by the circulating cyclone. However the product gas has a higher quality than in the BFB. The residence time in the reactor is short as the flow rate of the gases is high. Thus CFB are good for the gasification of biomass. Nevertheless there are drawbacks for example the technology is rather advanced and requires constant supervision. Figure 8.5 CFB and BFB gasifier, [60] One thing that applies for both BFG and CFB is that operation at partial load is limited to about 70% of the nominal load. The techniques are also sensible to fuel size distribution which should be kept constant. Along with this the technologies has high operation cost due to the complexity, thus the fluidized bed gasifiers are most suitable for larger scale applications of about 5-100 MW fuel input, [14, 58-60]. Entrained Flow Entrained flow gasifier (Figure 8.6) is not commonly used in CHP configurations. However they were included because of future potential. The gasifier generally uses fuel in the form of gas, powder or slurry. The fuel is mixed with steam or oxygen and converted in a turbulent powderized flame at temperature above 1200 °C which produces a nearly tar free product gas. Simultaneous a leach-resistant molten slag are produced. The product gas flow downwards and is cooled down in a radiant gas cooler by producing high pressure steam. Further the gas passes over a pool of water at the bottom of the cooler before exiting the vessel. The slag drops into the water pool which is fed onto a lock hopper. The dirty water is separated and recycled in a dewatering system. The biggest advantage of entrained flow gasifier is its tar free product gas. However entrained flow gasifier need well prepared fuels, this results in an additional cost. This and other high costs make entrained flow at present only suitable for fuel powers over 100 MW, [37, 58]. 91PDF Image | Biomass Based Small Scale Combined Heat and Power Tech
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