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This report provides a detailed market assessment of the Organic Flash Cycle (“OFC”), a process innovation developed by Dr. Ho at the University of California Berkeley, which provides a potential improvement over the incumbent ORC. In this report, a technology overview of the OFC precedes an in-depth assessment of its value proposition relative to the ORC. Through the OFC’s unique configuration we show that the value of this technology for customers is premised on incremental efficiency gains of 9% at a 5% lower cost utilizing mostly existing components in the ORC. After conveying the value proposition of the OFC, we arrive at our key market findings through a rigorous assessment of market dynamics and potential target markets. The most attractive markets that we identify are food and beverage, metals manufacturing and geothermal. Following these findings, we propose a roadmap for commercializing this technology through a licensing partnership, discuss relevant risks and mitigants, and conclude with process and research recommendations. Technology Overview Introduction Large power plants that operate under high temperatures typically use a Rankine Cycle to convert heat to electricity. A Rankine Cycle is a closed cycle where water absorbs heat from an external heat source and is transformed to vapor. The water vapor is then expanded in a turbine to produce electricity. At low temperatures, organic fluids (i.e. fluids that are carbon based) are more widely used to enhance performance. Organic fluids are, in fact, “dry” fluids meaning that there is no risk, after expansion in a turbine, of formation of liquid droplets that could damage turbine blades and lower the system efficiency. The ORC, which we referred to earlier, is a Rankine Cycle that uses an organic fluid in place of water. ORC technology has been utilized for decades; the first prototype can be traced back to Henry Zvi Tabor and Lucien Bronicki2 who first demonstrated the viability of this technology in 1961. Since then, the ORC has been commercialized by a number of companies and is used in heat-to-power applications in industrial, geothermal, and biomass sectors. ORC technology is generally used for low temperature and low flow thermal sources where the use of organic fluid, in place of water, maximizes performance. However, the use of organic fluids does not come without some tradeoffs. Specifically, some organic fluids are flammable and their use may be limited to only low temperature thermal sources. Typically, the ORC works well for temperatures between 50°C and 350°C. Above 350°C, the use of water does not present performance disadvantages and as such, is the preferred working fluid with higher temperature thermal sources given its economic, safety, and efficiency benefits. 2PDF Image | ElectraTherm Commissions 10 Green Machines
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