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Executive Summary (1-3 Sentences): An opportunity exists especially in the sub-150C space – a lot of the incumbents haven’t been able to figure this out yet. Ormat does most of their technology development in-house, whereas TAS would be much more open to a partnership. TAS’ Supercritical Cycle is likely the most advanced cycle out there today Interview Details: - Works with clients who want to either get into ORC business who are already in it but are looking for additional opportunities, both on the technology and market side of things - Of all of the companies, TAS Energy has by far the brightest future. Supercritical cycle is an advantage, as it claims greater efficiency as well. Proprietary, they don’t have a paper out about this, but may have one out in the next few months o Actual product in the marketplace that's the most efficient, the one that will give you the most competition from the technical standpoint is the supercritical cycle. o OFC has a lot of component development requirements, the ability to flash in a nozzle and get a good expansion efficiency in the nozzle and also make the droplets small enough where the expander is not affected by erosion o Supercritical cycle, due to its nature, also has the same glide and eliminates the thermodynamic losses of the subcritical cycle. Supercritical cycle does not need any new breakthrough in components or materials. - Lance Hays in LA has developed another variant called the VPT (variable phase cycle) – company is Energent. He is doing something similar to the OFC. Lance comes out of Caltech and his early work was in bi-phase turbines. - Enormous amounts of waste heat exists in the sub 150C range, and to date, it's really not being exploited because companies like Ormat and to some extent TAS, just can't get the performance high enough or cost low enough for the value proposition. - There is a lack of a turbine or expander in the 500kW - 5MW size range, where most of the waste heat would be placed. TAS has developed one specifically for this application with a turbo-machinery company out of Denver. They have come up with a low-cost, rugged system in that class. Ormat doesn't seem to pay much attention to this application. Turboden has a very high temperature cycle for bio-mass, which is very recuperative. Because of the siloxane they use, they can't use it for low temperature sources. In sub-150C space is where there is the most opportunity - Costs in the $3000 per kW total installed would be ideal. This is very hard to do and costs are typically over $4000 per kW. Electratherm, based out of Nevada, is trying to pick off the low-hanging fruit in Europe. E0.30 / kWh in Europe with the FIT - For the higher temperature applications, or moderate, don't see OFC beating out the Supercritical cycle. One place where the flash cycle does work is where exergy, in a geothermal plant, brine flows to the surface, either water or liquid dominated. Before the steam turbine, put it in a separator, and get a much greater vapor fraction. Liquid back to resource, turbine operates at between 6 and 10 bars. From the ground, 20 bars 52PDF Image | ElectraTherm Commissions 10 Green Machines
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