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30MW Vader Piet Wind Farm, Aruba Besides direct grid power, desalination by wind power also is being studied on the SVG island of Bequia (Government of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2010, p. 35). If this application appears feasible, then it might be useful on other smaller islands throughout the region. Barriers to using wind power in the Caribbean include the region’s weather risks, as well as high capital costs due to relatively small plant sizes, and difficulty in site access and land acquisition. The primary risk to wind turbines installed in the Caribbean region is the threat of hurricanes with high shear wind speeds. There are two main tactics for dealing with this risk—insurance and design. Utility-scale systems in the Caribbean should be insured just like any other major capital expenditure. In the event of damage from a larger hurricane, the repair of the wind turbines is covered by insurance. Of course, better design can reduce the potential for damage and the associated insurance premiums. Wind turbines are being designed with strengthened components, and some with tower or with nacelles that can be tilted and quickly raised or lowered (Jargsdorf 2008). Capital costs for wind energy can be significant for small wind projects because these systems do not take advantage of the economies of scale. The Caribbean Wind Energy Initiative (CAWEI) is a CREDP program to reduce costs for Caribbean wind projects by aggregating equipment orders (up to 50 MW) and modifications for hurricane risks reduction (Jargsdorf 2008, pp. 56, 59). Participants in CAWEI included Barbados, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent as of 2008 (Clarke 2008, p. 18). Site identification and acquisition also are barriers to wind farm development. As an example, Dominica has been considering wind development since 2003, completing measurements at several sites (Loy 2009, p. 10). The utility has not been able to develop the best sites, however, because this would require purchasing many small land parcels, some of which have disputed ownership (DOMLEC 2008, p. 21). xxiiPDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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