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1.3 Energy Policy Analysis The approach of the policy analysis is key to discerning how best to support these countries as they seek to strengthen their policy framework. As CSEP is a key partner to the LCCC Project, particular attention is placed in the contribution CSEP has brought to the regional policy development arena. The analysis will seek to answer or address the key issues or questions including: • The degree to which past and present energy policies have rendered any positive results; • The value, benefit and results of past and ongoing initiatives; • The added value CSEP has brought to the fore; and • Factors hindering effective implementation. The latter is a key focus of this study to identify prevailing barriers to the increased deployment of RE and EE technologies to guarantee a low-carbon economic development. Thus, the methodology employed in addressing these questions/issues is as follows. 1.3.1 Assessment of National Governance Frameworks Extensive analysis of the governance frameworks for energy management in the Eastern Caribbean States and the Bahamas has been performed by CARICOM, OECS, Caribbean Renewable Energy Development Programme (CREDP)/GIZ (Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit), Caribbean Association of Electric Utilities (CARILEC), United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (UN-ECLAC), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Scientific Research Council (SRC)/Caribbean Energy Information System (CEIS), and others. As noted, CREDP, CREDP/GIZ, and CARILEC conducted a “Baseline Study of Energy Policies and Legislation in Selected Caribbean Coun- tries,” and a study of “The Status of Energy Policy in selected Caribbean Countries.” The UNDP/SRC/CEIS group prepared an “Impact Assessment Survey of Recent Energy Interventions on the Security and Sustainability of the Caribbean Energy Sector.” It would not be helpful for the present study simply to repeat the assessment for the countries examined without including more. Instead, this aspect of the study provides a review of the findings of the prior country assessment/analysis conducted, conducts an assessment/analysis for OECS countries that were not covered by the abovementioned studies, analyzes the recently developed or adopted national energy policies and action plans (where applicable), identifies lessons learned, and provides recommendations for the way forward. 1.3.2 Backcasting To have a complete understanding of the current state of energy laws and policies in the respective island nations within the scope of this study and in the wider Caribbean—particularly in OECS countries and the Bahamas—it is important to trace their development and map their evolution. This is key to identifying what events or drivers, whether on the national, regional, or international levels, were instrumental in triggering or guiding the development of national renewable energy policies. By adopting this approach, the question then arises as to how far back in time such an assessment should go. Through the examination of key events in history at the national or international levels as they concern fossil fuels, environmental management, and economic challenges, an appropriate timeframe of 40 years was established—taking into account that all the island nations under review in this study are former British colonies and have become independent only since the 1970s or later. The backcasting method should prove useful in ascertaining the events that triggered or influenced renewable energy policy development in the region and highlight the differentiated policy development 4PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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