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Figure 1. Global historical average price of oil (Source: BP Statistical Review 2010) This policy study examines key regional initiatives, including the role of regional and international agencies as they concern the energy sector, and traces their development. Next assessed are the national energy governance frameworks of the seven countries included in this study. The assessment not only identifies the frameworks but also speaks to challenges, gaps and weaknesses, and key lessons learned. The role of CSEP in supporting effective governance in national and regional energy frameworks also is assessed, including an examination of the added value CSEP provides. An inventory of the legal, policy, and regulatory framework in the respective project countries also is included. 2.1 Regional Initiatives 2.1.1 Regional Energy Action Plan (1983, CARICOM) In response to the oil crisis of the 1970s, the Caribbean Community designed the Regional Energy Action Plan (REAP). Prior to the design of the plan, activities were underway in the region to help guide countries through the bleak days of the oil crisis. The newly formed Caribbean Development Bank (CDB), for example, took on the task of providing technical assistance to countries across the region to adopt efficiency measures and consume less energy (Singh 2009). Through the activities of the CDB including the activities of the Caribbean Alternative Energy Systems Project (CAESP) with USAID1 (Singh 2009) and the CARICOM, a framework for technical cooperation and capacity building on renewable/alternative energy and energy conservation was established. The framework, along with initiatives that were being developed and implemented on a national level in countries across the region presented a starting point for the development of a more comprehensive, overarching, collective approach or strategy to address energy issues in the Caribbean. Subsequently, the REAP was conceived by CARICOM heads of government in 1982. The leaders envisioned REAP as an [O]pportunity to promote security of intra-regional supplies and markets of petroleum products and seek to develop alternative sources of energy within the Region; and give support to the strengthening of regional institutions so as to enable them to give increased support to Member States in their efforts to undertake effective energy planning, conservation and development of alternative energy sources. [The objective 1 Agreement entered into on August 29, 1979. 6PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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