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Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean

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Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean ( energy-policy-and-analysis-caribbean )

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ensuring secure and efficient energy supply, and regulating prices charged to consumers. In fact, what is observed from Sections 40 and 41 is that the government/APUA regulates itself. Dominica’s recent revision of its Electricity Supply Act provides useful examples as to how best to incorporate these reforms into legislation. 3.1.10.2 Petroleum Act (1949) In essence, The Act provides rules for the importation and storage of petroleum into Antigua and Barbuda. Section 6 provides, for example, that the Minister is responsible for providing storage for imported petroleum. It indicates where petroleum may or may not be stored, and Section 12(1) empowers the Comptroller of Customs to grant licenses to “any person to deal in or sell petroleum in accordance with the prescribed regulations” (Government of Antigua and Barbuda 1949). 3.1.10.3 Minerals (Vesting) Act (1949) The Act provides that all minerals, including coal and lignite (which include brown coal), in, on, or under the land regardless of ownership or tenure, belongs to the Crown (Section 3), and any mining of such minerals requires a license from the Cabinet (Section 4) (Government of Antigua and Barbuda 1949). 3.1.10.4 Draft National Energy Policy (2010) The Government of Antigua and Barbuda, conscious of the country’s exclusive dependence on fossil fuels and vulnerability to volatile energy markets and thus increased energy costs, has taken measures through the preparation of a national energy policy to address these issues. As a “preamble” to the national energy policy (NEP), the government states the strategic intent of the NEP as being to “create a stable, efficient and sustainable energy sector that fosters national economic and social development by establishing an enabling environment that exploits indigenous energy resources and reduces the total dependence on fossil fuels.”12 The principal goals for achieving this strategic intent are listed below. • Reduce energy costs, which includes “prepar[ing] and implement[ing] a systematic utility cost reduction plan to reduce and sustain overall utility costs.” • Diversification and efficient use of energy sources, which includes “provid[ing] an enabling legal and regulatory framework for the deployment of RE technologies with particular emphasis on wind, solar and biofuels.” • Increase electricity reliability, which includes “strengthen[ing] the grid stability to reduce the number and duration of operational disturbances and strengthen the energy infrastructure to enable faster recovery from disruptions to the energy supply.” • Enhance environmental protection, which includes “introduc[ing] regulation that defines and clarifies the Environment Division’s role and authority in coordinating all national energy permits and environmental reviews for Electricity Transmission facilities.” • Stimulate new economic/business opportunities, which includes “develop[ing] mass production technology for low-cost, high-quality photovoltaic cells and establish[ing] the learning and technology for evaluation so as to disseminate photovoltaic cells as a viable business opportunity.” The means and pathways for achieving these goals also are elaborated upon and include renewable energy, energy efficiency and savings, infrastructure and utility management, transport and cleaner fuel options, and public education/marketing. 12 Supra note 8, at 14. 21

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