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3.1.11 Analysis The strategic intent of the country’s national energy policy could be improved or extended in few ways. Regarding the diversification and efficient use of energy sources, a clear sub-goal should be the provision of an enabling legal and regulatory framework for the deployment and use of renewable energy and renewable energy technology, with particular emphasis on wind, solar, and biofuels. Further, in terms of electricity reliability a sub-goal could be the development and promotion of a distributed energy policy that would allow for privately owned “behind the meter” RE systems, perhaps through the establishment of feed-in tariffs. Moreover, the environmental protection goal should include provisions to the harmonization of the NEP with other environment-related policies, including land-use policies. The approach of the drafted NEP is to present Antigua and Barbuda’s energy policy for major sectors (i.e., power, transportation), other uses of energy, and implementation and monitoring. As presented, the national energy policy is subdivided into several sections; energy sources, energy efficiency management, legal and regulatory framework, and institutional framework. These sections are discussed below. 3.1.12 Energy Sources 3.1.12.1 Fossil Fuels and Non-Renewable Sources A notable absence from the policy statements is a commitment that the government will reduce the country’s nearly 100% dependence on fossil fuels. 3.1.12.2 Renewables It is recommended that the government periodically review and update RE mandates and indicate clear roles and responsibilities, including a hierarchy/chain of responsibility/accountability. 3.1.12.3 Emerging Technologies A frequent complaint about government policies is that they oftentimes are not accompanied by resource commitments. It is recommended that the government commit resources toward the implementation of these policies, and that it also encourage the local development of renewable energy technology. 3.1.13 Energy Efficiency Management 3.1.13.1 Supply Side The government should consider strengthening this section by establishing monitoring, reporting, and evaluation mechanisms to ensure compliance with standards—including those pertaining to emissions. Further, the government should develop, implement, and enforce local standards in lieu of or complementary to those developed and promulgated through regional initiatives. 3.1.13.2 Demand Side The government also should consider establishing an independent regulatory commission to ensure transparency and accountability among stakeholders and to develop, implement, monitor, and enforce demand-side management (DSM) regulations, including those related to tariff setting and consumer complaints. It also is recommended that the government explore other alternative DSM technologies at the domestic, commercial, and industrial levels, in addition to the solar water systems listed. 22PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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