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Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean

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Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean ( energy-policy-and-analysis-caribbean )

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greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Antigua and Barbuda, the government will honor its commitment to reduce such emissions in that sector. The NEP indicates that, [L]egal frameworks have to be defined and implemented to deal with issues such as mandatory vehicle inspections, vehicular emission standards, appropriate fuel taxation schemes and import duties or tax exemptions to promote fuel efficient vehicles. In this regard, specific courses of action will include the establishment of target fuel-use standards for vehicles to be imported with high tax levels applied to vehicles which do not meet said standards. Compulsory labeling and the provision of comparative data will enable consumers to make more informed choices. (Singh 2009, p. 30) In addition to these provisions it is also recommended that the government impose limits on the age of imported vehicles. 3.1.16 Implementation and Monitoring The government has mandated the creation of a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) for short- , medium- , and long-term activities to be conducted over a 20-year period (i.e., 2010–2030). The objective of the SEAP [W]ill be to enhance the implementation of the policies and goals of Antigua and Barbuda’s National Energy Policy (NEP). The specific activities contained in the SEAP will foster energy conservation, energy efficiency, and diversification of energy sources, sustainable energy consumption and generation, as well as the utilization of renewable energy sources available in Antigua and Barbuda. (Singh 2009, p. 37) The strategies for the implementation of the NEP/SEAP are energy conservation and energy efficiency, renewable energy development, and education and awareness. Regarding the reporting and monitoring provisions, it is recommended that a standard/template reporting format should be prepared by the government, and a streamlined approach should be designed for the collection, storage, and follow up of data and reports submitted. By monitoring progress in this manner, lessons learned in Antigua and Barbuda can be leveraged by other Caribbean nations. 3.1.17 Conclusions and Recommendations This study recommends the following action for the nation of Antigua and Barbuda. • Examine options for unbundling and privatization of the electricity sector. • Incorporate transparency and accountability as essential components of effective energy management/governance. • Draw from the lessons of other countries of the region that have implemented reform measures, especially as they pertain to privatization and the establishment of an independent regulatory commission. • Establish roles, responsibilities, and mandates, along with a clear hierarchy/chain of responsibility for the effective operation of the institutional framework. Despite the efforts, there are no measurable benefits from current legislation and projects developed in the country to reduce the rate of oil importation and consumption during the period of analysis. Regardless of some isolated attempts, oil consumption still is increasing and internal volatility is affecting the national energy security. During the period of analysis, international agreements had no measurable impacts on fossil-fuel consumption rate. 25

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