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energy–electricity sector, which includes defining rules for sector competition and supervising the competitive process; issuing, suspending, and revoking licenses; and dispute resolution. The elimination of barriers and the promotion of renewable energy programs are to be pursued as per the NEP, along with the adoption of an appropriate governance structure for BEC. In addition to the provisions under this section, it also is recommended that a clear chain of command for decision making be included to complement the roles and responsibilities elucidated to ensure transparency and accountability. 3.2.6.4.2 Promotion of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency The Bahamas are leading in this area in that their NEP includes actual, specific and quantifiable targets. It provides that a share of at least 15% and 30% of RE power supply is targeted by 2020 and 2030, respectively. Whether these targets are met depends in the effectiveness of the activities used to promote power generation from renewable energy sources. The NEP outlines such promotion activities to include net metering/net billing, feed-in tariffs for energy from renewable sources, and tendering schemes for utility-scale power plants with a minimum capacity of 5 MW (Singh 2009). Given that RETs and the development of RE are capital intensive, the NEP proposes meeting additional costs through the establishment of a Renewable Energy Fund which collects funds dedicated to renewable energy. It also identifies the sources of funds to include generic public budget allocations from the government, a particular tax, a surcharge on electricity tariffs, and income from climate change. To ensure transparency and accountability with respect to this fund, it should be formally established with clear mandates, roles and responsibilities, and monitoring and reporting requirements. Further, another source of funds could include fines imposed as a punitive measure by the courts, a regulatory authority, or another body authorized by law to so impose. In addition to the policy initiatives listed to promote energy efficiency, the NEP also should include some of those promoted by the International Energy Agency (International Energy Agency 2008). • Cross sectoral: Measures for increasing investment in energy efficiency, compliance monitoring, enforcement, and evaluation of energy efficiency measures, energy efficiency indicators • Buildings: Building certification schemes • Appliances and Equipment: Mandatory energy performance requirements or labels, energy performance test standards, and measurement protocols • Lighting: Best-practice lighting, and phase out of incandescent light bulbs • Industry: Collection of high-quality energy-efficiency data for industry, policy packages to promote energy efficiency in small and medium-sized enterprises • Energy utilities: Utility end-use energy efficiency schemes 3.2.6.4.3 Sustainable Energy Unit The NEP proposes the establishment of the Sustainable Energy Unit (SEU) to implement RE and EE promotion policies. It will form part of the ministry responsible for energy and support the implementation of the NEP. It will play an integral role in ensuring coordinating in the RE and EE activities. The NEP—in its Appendix 3a—provides great detail the public sector activities of the SEU. The activities assigned to the SEU are quite extensive and involves engaging various government ministries and authorities. The structure of the SEU within the ministry with responsibility for energy has not been elaborated upon in the NEP, but human resources, technical resources, and other considerations are important factors in determining whether, and to what extent, the SEU is successful 35PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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