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3.3.8 Building Codes The Physical Planning Division administers building codes for Dominica, and it is reported that these codes generally are followed by local architects (Baptiste 2010). The building codes in Dominica were drafted in 2001 and are based on OECS model building code (Wilson 2001). The Physical Planning Act of 2002 discusses building codes but does not specifically adopt or address the OECS code (Commonwealth of Dominica 2002, pp. 180–183). In response to the 2010 Haitian earthquake, the Dominican Ministry for Immigration, National Security, and Labour recently ordered a review of Dominican seismic codes, stressing that the current codes are directed at addressing hurricane hazards (Dominica News Online 2010). 3.3.9 Energy Supply Outlook 3.3.9.1 Fossil Fuels Dominica participates in PetroCaribe (Burke 2009, p. 5). To provide future supply, the World Bank Report projects that, if geothermal cannot be developed, the least-cost fuel combination is 5 MW of additional diesel capacity for peak, mid-range, and base-load duties (Nexant 2010, pp. 1.8, 8.46, 8.48). The cost of fossil-fuel energy for Dominica could be reduced with the expansion of the regional petroleum facilities in St. Lucia (Nexant 2010, p. 7.22). Electrical utilities typically back up renewable capacity from dispatchable sources. The existing diesel generators initially would serve this purpose, but fossil-fuel capacity eventually would have to expand to meet reserve and spinning capacity requirements (Nexant 2010, p. 8.49). 3.3.9.2 Renewable Energy Table 9. Dominica Renewable Energy Potential Hydro Wind Geothermal Solar Biomass and Other 17 MW 30 MW 300 MW 45 MW Unknown Technology Value Sources: Hydro, Loy 2007, p. 9.4; wind, geothermal, Loy & Farrell 2005, p. 13); solar, Nexant 2010, p. 8.36. Screening curve comparisons indicate that renewable energy is the most cost-effective source for Dominica, using current costs and available technology. Geothermal and wind both compare favorably with diesel—the cheapest fossil fuel available for Dominica—for capacity factors greater than 20% (Nexant 2010, pp. 8.46–8.48). 3.3.9.2.1 Hydro During the 1960s, hydro supplied nearly 90% of Dominica’s electrical power. As the population and load grew, however, the use of diesel fuel increased, particularly due to the seasonal availability of hydro resources. Currently, water shortages during the dry season decrease the available capacity to 3.6 MW (Loy 2007, p. 9.4). The age of the hydro plants also is a concern; plants currently operating were built between 1965 and 1988. In 2005, CREDP/GTZ studied feasibility of upgrades and expansion at Trafalgar and Padu. Some overhauls began at Padu prior to the damage from Hurricane Dean in 2007 (Loy 2007, 44PDF Image | Energy Policy and Analysis Caribbean
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