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Figure 5. Daily power output and ambient temperature. tor’s learning curve until the shutdown in February 2009. In February 2009, the unit was shut down because of equipment prob- lems. These repairs were required be- cause the unit was operated above the net rating of the generator of 225 kW for a two-week period, Figure 5. It was determined that changes in the con- trol system and repairs to the genera- tor/turbine system were needed. The higher than acceptable power genera- tion damaged the front bearing and eventually the outboard bearing on the generator. The unit was removed, re- paired, and reinstalled with a new con- trol system. The repairs consisted of replacement of the generator bearings and replacement of the mechanical seal between the turbine and generator. The new control system included the installation of a second hot-water flow control valve, a turbine vibration sen- sor, and temperature probes on both generator bearings. The startup control for the unit was also changed providing for a smoother startup. The unit was restarted in May 2009 but was shut down to address re- lated field issues with the production wells and electrical system. To date, phase 2 has averaged 206 kW net power out- put with a range of 135 to 250 kW, Table 3. The output power fluctuates with the average daily ambient tempera- ture when a constant hot water inlet volume is used, Fig- ure 5. The daily power fluctuation has been decreased; compare green line for phase 2 with red line for phase 1 in Figure 6. During phase 2, the unit has produced over 478 megawatt hours of power from 2.2 million barrels of hot water. The online percentage for the unit, eliminating downtime caused by field activities, has been at 97%. The power output of the unit over the last 30 days has aver- aged 216 kW with a control set point of 220 kW. Rocky Mountain Oilfield Testing Center Figure 6. Daily power fluctuation. was down for repairs and maintenance and for correction of field issues. These corrections are discussed later. For phase 1, the net power output averaged 171 kW with a range of 80 to 280 kW, Table 3. The output power fluctuated with the average daily ambient temperature when a constant hot water inlet volume was used, Figure 5. The power fluctuation is evident through the normal daily temperature cycle, red line on Figure 6 for phase 1. During phase 1, the unit produced over 586 megawatt hours of power from 3 million barrels of hot water. The online percentage for the unit during this period was 91% considering both field and unit related down time. The down time attributed to unit issues was only 3%. There- fore, the unit had a 97% online percentage. The system related down times were largely the results of the opera- 4 This document may contain protected Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) information and is not to be further disclosed for a period of 5 years from the date it was produced except as expressly provided for in the CRADA.PDF Image | Ormat: Low-Temperature Geothermal Power Generation
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