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2 Solar irradiance on Lao PDR is between 3.6-5.5 kWh/m , with sunshine 1800-2000 hrs/year. With such solar energy potential, if photovoltaic technology was used (overall 282 efficiency of 10%), it would generate 146 kWh/m /year, or 1.5x10 kWh/km /year ( 13 2 MTOE/km /year). There is lack of data on wind energy potential, particularly at a height above 50 m. According to international data sources, there maybe some wind potential in central provinces of Lao PDR, especially up of high mountains along Lao-Vietnam border (Savannakhet and 4 Khammouane provinces) where at a height 50 m and above, wind speeds reach 5.8 m/s . The theoretical potential for wind energy in Lao PDR is estimated to be more than 182,000 MW though the potential under very good and excellent wind regimes is relatively small at around 2,800 MW. These resources are not ensuring due to lack of measurements. Wind resources are identified to be high in Khammouane and Savannaket provinces. At the present Ministry of Energy and Mines is ongoing installation wind data logger in four sites in these province and plan to install in other provinces. Lao PDR has rather low geothermal energy potential and currently not suitable for energy utilization. There some small geothermal resources in the form of hot spring only. 1.3.3. Status of Renewable energy development in Lao PDR In the past, fuel crops plantation for the production of biofuels had been initiated by private investors. These developments however were pilot and demonstration projects. The Government of Lao PDR has setup policy in order to promote biofuels production and use, particularly from jatropha and other appropriate energy feedstock. Installation of small solar home systems have been carried by public as well as private sectors, with funding from the World Bank, international organizations or own investment of local private companies. At present, around 20,000 households have been supplied electricity through solar home systems. Larger PV systems (capacity up to 40-100 kWp) have also been piloted within cooperation project between MEM and NEDO (Japan), as a component of a hybrid power system with micro hydropower in remote rural area. In addition, micro hydropower and pico hydropower have been developed to supply electric power to households in off-grid remote rural areas. Upto now, installed capacity of small scale hydropower projects (capacity less than 15 MW) have reached 23 MW. Biodiesel development from Jatropha, Vernicia Montana, Animal Fat, used tires and City wastes have been piloted by private sector. Fuel crops plantation for biofuels production has also progressed, especially Jatropha, Vernicia Montana, Palm, Sugarcane, Cassava plantation .Parallel to development of renewable energy resources, energy efficiency and energy conservation (EE&EC) issues have played more and more important role in energy sector of Lao PDR. In recent years, several pilot projects on EE&C have been carried out, such as Promotion of energy efficiency and energy conservation (PROMEEC) under cooperation program between ASEAN Center for Energy and Japan; Renewable energy and energy conservation under the framework of ACMECS program between Lao PDR and Thailand. 4 Appropriate wind speed for power generation by all type of wind turbine (Beaufort Wind Scale). 10PDF Image | Renewable Energy Development Strategy in Lao PDR
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