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Chapter 1 Biomass and technologies for its exploitation Concerning future scenarios, the goals fixed for Italy by the EU 20-20-20 plan require that in 2020 total primary energy deriving from biomass will have to be 16 ÷ 18 Mtoe. Data and perspectives contained in the Italian Government Position Paper are expressed according to those reference values and, basing on this document, in the cited publication ITABIA estimates biomass potential consumption for that date in 19.5 Mtoe (even if 3.6 Mtoe will be represented by imported biofuel necessary to satisfy transport fuel demand, so domestic contribution is expected to be limited to 15.9 Mtoe), that will substitute 16.5 Mtoe of fossil primary energy: the gap is essentially due to the different conversion efficiencies of power plants for the two types of feeding. Besides, MSW share is expected not to exceed 2 Mtoe. As in 2020 primary energy consumption should be about 215 ÷ 239 Mtoe [1.13], biomass would represent about 8 ÷ 9% of the total. Moreover, 20-20-20 goals would impose to limit the whole demand at 165 ÷ 175 Mtoe [1.15]: in that case the share would be obviously higher, about 11 ÷ 12%, but it is quite unlikely that this aim will be reached. Values reported above must be compared to the total biomass availability in the country: ITABIA estimates it in 24 ÷ 30 Mtoe (excluding MSW), subdivided as shown in the Table 1.1, that is therefore theoretically sufficient to cover the predicted demand. Energy source Residues from: - agriculture and agroindustry - forestry and wood industry - public parks - livestock holdings Firewood Dedicated crops Total Availability [Mtoe/year] 5 4.3 0.3 10 ÷ 12 2 ÷ 4 3 ÷ 5 24 ÷ 30 Table 1.1 – Potential biomass energy availability by source in Italy [1.12]. A wide literature concerning biomass availability in the different Italian regions or provinces has been produced in the last years. For the purposes of this work it is not necessary to enter into details, however it may be interesting to report some of those papers: [1.16], [1.17] and [1.18]. 12PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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