PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 038
1 SURVEY OF CHEMICAL EMISSIONS Table 33. Energy Consumption for Key Chemicals PVC Nitrogen Oxygen Ammonia Urea Chlorine Total Product Ethylene & co-products Methanol Polyethylene Polypropylene Specific Energy Consumption (GJ/tonne) 67.5 38.4 9.3 10.5 11.6 1.8 1.8 39.8 2.8 19.2 1994 Production (Mtons) 26.2 4.9 5.7 4.4 5.4 28.6 22.7 16.2 7.6 11.1 Total Energy Use (PJ) 1768 188 53 45 62 49 44 645 21 213 3112 % of SIC 28 Energy Use 29.3 3.1 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.7 10.5 0.3 3.5 51.5 Table 34 is an example of the various units used to denote energy consumption. Some of the energy is used as fuel, while some is used as electricity. The energy content is represented as LHV or HHV. The energy intensity is sometimes normalized to the fuel used for energy, while at other times, it is normalized to the sum of fuel + feedstock. Sometimes, the energy intensity is normalized to primary energy, where the amount of fuel corresponding to electricity is calculated using 33% efficiency. Table 34 gives an example of these representations for ethylene, ammonia, and chlorine production. Table 34. Various Energy Units Used to Represent Energy Use in the Chemical Industry The Worrell report gave a detailed energy breakdown for various processes used to produce ethylene, ammonia, and chlorine; however, no emissions data were given. Using the energy consumption data from Tables 23-26, we can calculate CO2 emissions and CH4 emissions with the appropriate emission factors. During chlorine production, hydrogen is released at the cathode. This hydrogen could be captured and used in a fuel cell to provide some of the electricity needed for the elec- trolysis cell. According to Table 17 of [9], the total electricity used for chlorine production was 173 PJ, out of which 150 PJ was consumed by electrolysis. The fuel use was 38 PJ, for a total energy consumption of 211 PJ. The energy content of hydrogen generated was 3.4 PJ. Assuming a fuel cell is 50% efficient, this can provide 1.7 PJ of electricity, or ~ 1% of total electricity needs for chlorine production. Chemical Fuel Energy Feedstock Energy Intensity, Electricity Used Intensity Used (PJ) Including Feedstock, (kWh/ton) (PJ) LHV (GJ/tonne) HHV (GJ/ton) Ethylene 520 26 Ammonia 268 368 39.3 Cl2 production 38 47.8 4380 30PDF Image | Analysis for Recovering Energy from Industrial Waste Heat
PDF Search Title:
Analysis for Recovering Energy from Industrial Waste HeatOriginal File Name Searched:
PNNL_15803.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |