PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 047
1 SURVEY OF CHEMICAL EMISSIONS Table 42 shows that the amount of methane recovered from landfills increased from 19% in 1990 to 40% in 2004. However, while the gas-to-energy conversion increased during this period, the amount of methane flared also increased significantly. This flared CH4 presents an additional opportunity to capture 160 PJ. The flared CH4 was included in our analysis as potential for energy capture from landfill emissions and, added to 538 PJ, yielded 698 PJ. The energy calculated in Tables 41 and 42 agree with the numbers in the general survey of industrial emissions. These numbers reveal that landfills can provide a significant source of energy. Table 42. Energy Content of Methane Emissions from Landfills (PJ) Activity 1990 1993 1997 2001 MSW Generation 646 697 769 833 Large Landfills 252 274 315 359 Medium Landfills 322 347 373 391 Small Landfills 71 76 80 83 Industrial Generation 45 49 54 58 Potential Emissions 691 745 822 891 Emissions avoided 66 107 211 293 Landfill Gas-to-energy 41 50 81 133 Flare 26 57 130 160 Oxidation at MSW Landfills 58 59 56 54 Oxidation at Industrial Landfills 5 5 5 6 Net emissions 562 575 550 538 % recovery 19 23 33 40 Cement Industry The cement industry predominantly emits CO2, but CH4 and N2O may also be released through combustion. The total emission depends on whether Portland cement or Masonry cement is produced. Portland cement is made with the addition of gypsum, which has no additional emissions. Masonry cement requires the addition of lime. In the U.S. inventory, emissions associated with lime manufacture are not included as cement production, but are included in lime manufacturing. Process-related emissions are defined as emissions created during chemical reaction converting limestone to CaO and CO2. Combustion-related emissions result from combustion of fuel for heat and for generation of electricity. The emissions corresponding to the dry and wet processes are 224.2 and 249 kg C/short ton [14]. The U.S. GHG Inventory does not include combustion-related emissions separately as part of the emissions inventory. The annual cement production in the United States is 90 MMtons, or 90 Gg. The combustion-related CO2 emission is 35.3 Tg, which corresponds to 3.7% of combustion-related emission in the industrial sector, while process-related CO2 emission is 41.4 Tg CO2. 39PDF Image | Analysis for Recovering Energy from Industrial Waste Heat
PDF Search Title:
Analysis for Recovering Energy from Industrial Waste HeatOriginal File Name Searched:
PNNL_15803.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)