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2 SURVEY OF THERMAL EMISSIONS CHAPTER2: SURVEYOFTHERMALEMISSIONS Background United States industry generates a large quantity of waste heat from industrial processes, combustion, and other process heating processes. The waste heat is produced in a wide variety of processes and is distributed in nature. This chapter evaluates some of the industrial processes that have the highest level of thermal emissions and evaluates the potential to recover these thermal emissions and convert them back into useful energy. Energetics Incorporated quantified the amount of heat generated and rejected to the atmosphere in a study for the U.S. Department of Energy Industrial Technology Program (DOE-ITP). The Energetics report [34] studied the most energy-intensive U.S. industries in order to profile their energy supply and consumption. The report identified the major industrial processes that create waste heat, and included a summary of the largest opportunities to recover this heat. This section summarizes the major findings of Energetics report. Summary of Thermal Emissions Table 70 summarizes the five waste heat recovery opportunities identified by Energetics [34]. This summary shows that waste heat from industrial processes account for more than 10 Quads of energy consumption from industrial complexes. It also shows that an estimated 1.6 Quads of this energy has an opportunity to be recovered. Table 70. Summary of Waste Heat Recovery Opportunities Item # 1 4 10 18 19 Description of Opportunity Area Waste heat recovery from gases and liquids in chemicals, petroleum, and forest products, including hot gas cleanup and dehydration of liquid waste streams Heat recovery from drying processes (chemicals, forest products, food processing) Waste heat recovery from gases in metals and non-metallic minerals manufacture (excluding calcining), including hot gas cleanup Waste heat recovery from calcining (not flue gases) Heat recovery from metal quenching/cooling processes Total Estimated Energy Available (TBtu) ~7,000 (7400 PJ) ~3700 (3900 PJ) ~1600 (1700 PJ) >10,000 (10,500 PJ) Estimated Recovery Efficiency ~12% ~10% ~15% Estimated Recovery Opportunity (TBtu) 851 ( 898 PJ) 377 (400 PJ) 235 (250 PJ) 74 (78 PJ) 57 (60 PJ) 1594 (1680 PJ) Economic Benefit if Realized, $ Billion (2005) $2.15B $1.24B $1.23B $0.16B $0.28B $5.06B Source: Energetics [34]. 65PDF Image | Analysis for Recovering Energy from Industrial Waste Heat
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