CASE HISTORIES OF SMALL SCALE GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS

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CASE HISTORIES OF SMALL SCALE GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS ( case-histories-small-scale-geothermal-power-plants )

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economically operate a utility grade base load plant which provides clean power to an environmentally pure region. D. Schochet Figure 8. Nagqu 1.3 MW Air Cooled Binary Power Plant 3.5 São Miguel No. 1, Geothermal Plant, Azores, Portugal The locally financed and privately owned São Miguel No. 1 power plant, consisting of two dual air cooled OEC units, (see Figure 9), commissioned in 1994, generates approximately 5 MW which is sold to Electricity of the Azores, Ltd. The project utilizes two free flowing production wells providing 52 t/h of 4.5 bara steam and 180 t/h of 149oC geothermal fluid. The two phase flow is used in a modular binary system, which also makes use of the steam condensate to dilute the injected brine so as to lower the injection temperature and thus extract more heat from the produced geothermal fluids. Figure 9. Sao Miguel No.1, 5 MW Air Cooled Two Phase Geothermal Power Plant The plant has operated continuously, producing a significant portion of São Miguel’s base load power, with an availability factor of 98%. Air cooling and 100% injection of all geothermal fluids and gases has resulted in a near zero environmental impact. With the development of additional production wells the construction of the second 9 MW phase was completed in late 1998. (See Figure 10). (Elovic 1994) This case demonstrates how an island community can incrementally develop and successfully own and Figure 10. Sao Miguel No. 2, 14MW Total Air Cooled Two Phase Geothermal Power Plant 5. CONCLUSIONS: Small scale and off-grid power projects are technically and economically feasible. Power plant technologies and well field drilling, production and utilization technologies are proven. Project owners find the costs of power production commercially acceptable. Operational issues relating to infrastructure, reservoir management, well field facility maintenance and power plant maintenance must be properly addressed. The success of these small scale geothermal power projects is largely due to the involvement of local interested parties and agencies as active participants in the development, financing, ownership and operation of the projects. 6. REFERENCES: 1. Elovic, A. (1994). Advances in Binary Organic Cycle Technology, Transactions of the Geothermal Resources Council, Vol. 18 pp. 466-469. 2. Forte, N. (1989). ORMAT Geothermal Binary Power Plant at Fang Chiang Mai Province in Thailand, Proceedings of the ASEAN Power Utilities, 8th Meeting on Geothermal Power Development, Fang Chiang, Thailand. 3. Gawell, K., Reed, M., and Wright, Dr. P.M. (1999). Preliminary Report: Geothermal Energy, The Potential for Clean Power From the Earth, Report prepared for the United States department of Energy. 2204

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