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were obtained for different media, they took values from 3000 rpm, to even as much as 37000 rpm for Ammonia (see Fig. 15), which was still technically realisable. In most cases a full supply arc was obtained, excluding Trifluoroiodomethane, Dimethyl ether, Ammonia and Ethane, for which the supply arc dimension did not exceed 20 % (see Table 3). In the latter situation the ventilation loss increases remarkable and the internal stage work decreases. The turbine was designed in such a way as to obtain the blade length not smaller than 10 mm and the D/L ratio not smaller than 4 (see Fig. 16 and Fig. 17). This condition was successfully met for the presented media. The design parameters were selected assuming that the Mach number at turbine stator and rotor exits does not exceed 1. This condition was also successfully met, and each time a subsonic stage was obtained (see Fig. 18 and Fig. 19). The performed analysis has confirmed that designing a highly efficient single- stage axial turbine is possible for the majority of the analysed media, from which: Trifluoroiodomethane, Dimethyl ether, Ammonia, R218, R245fa, R124 and R1234ze seem to be most favourable from the thermodynamic and technical point of view. If we take into account toxicity of particular media and their effect on the environment (see Tab. 4), the most favourable medium is R245fa which is non-flammable and nontoxic. However, a detailed and realistic economic analysis is to be performed to select finally an optimal medium for the system of this type. Fig. 12. Turbine shaft power for the examined media Tab. 3. Comparison of calculation results for arctic OTEC power plant with turbine design parameters; where: Nefekt_ORC-effective power of the cycle; ηpar-cycle efficiency; ηcarnot-Carnot cycle efficiency; p0- medium vapour pressure at turbine inlet; m0pary-medium vapour mass flow rate; HS-isentropic enthalpy drop in the turbine; ν-velocity coefficient; ρ-stage reaction; Mac1-Mach number at stage stator exit; ε-supply arc dimension; n-rotational speed; Dsr-mean stage diameter; lk-stator blade length; D/l-mean diameter-to-blade length ratio; Maw2-Mach number at stage rotor exit Parameter Nefekt_ORC ηpar ηCarnot p0 m0pary Hs ν ρ Mac1 ε n Dsr lK D/l Maw2 Medium/Unit [kW] [-] [-] [MPa] [kg/s] [kJ/kg] [-] [-] [-] [-] [rpm] [m] [m] [-] [-] Trifluoroiodo- methane 76.86 0.0615 0.0828 0.2158 11.31 8.70 0.50 0.30 0.18 0.10 12000 0.105 0.010 10.37 0.13 Dimethyl ether 77.11 0.0617 0.0828 0.252 2.56 38.43 0.49 0.22 0.21 0.20 27000 0.096 0.010 9.70 0.69 CO2 61.37 0.0491 0.0828 3.34 4.42 23.17 0.50 0.23 0.82 1.00 23000 0.089 0.010 8.69 0.56 R23 59.59 0.0479 0.0828 2.3885 7.12 14.18 0.66 0.28 0.30 1.00 3000 0.708 0.108 6.56 0.21 R13 57.90 0.0466 0.0828 1.8885 10.64 9.44 0.70 0.35 0.29 1.00 3000 0.612 0.124 4.93 0.23 R218 39.96 0.0611 0.0828 0.3934 6.24 8.55 0.55 0.45 0.89 1.00 6000 0.229 0.027 8.58 0.82 Sulphur hexafluoride 36.72 0.0533 0.0828 1.1974 6.59 8.31 0.52 0.32 0.91 1.00 9000 0.142 0.016 8.89 0.68 R116 30.31 0.0415 0.0828 1.7673 7.92 7.26 0.50 0.30 0.32 1.00 9000 0.128 0.014 8.96 0.68 R245fa 41.30 0.0627 0.0828 0.0492 2.86 18.17 0.55 0.47 0.99 1.00 4500 0.445 0.061 7.31 0.97 R143a 39.21 0.0584 0.0828 0.5893 3.03 17.30 0.49 0.30 0.24 1.00 11000 0.158 0.018 8.82 0.17 Ethane 31.90 0.0462 0.0828 2.2955 1.82 30.84 0.50 0.22 0.27 0.50 21000 0.113 0.012 9.48 0.55 R124 41.15 0.0621 0.0828 0.1534 3.65 14.35 0.55 0.45 0.92 1.00 6000 0.297 0.036 8.14 0.87 R1234ze 41.11 0.0617 0.0828 0.204 3.17 16.59 0.49 0.40 0.96 1.00 6000 0.284 0.027 10.50 0.85 Ammonia 78.45 0.0630 0.0828 0.4043 0.91 109.32 0.50 0.50 0.19 0.16 37000 0.121 0.010 12.10 0.82 Unauthenticated Download Date | 1/11/15 7:38 PM POLISH MARITIME RESEARCH, No 2/2013 55PDF Image | Design analysis of ORC micro-turbines making use of thermal energy
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