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1-2 Motivation and scope 5 1-2 Motivation and scope Although the efforts towards the development of s-CO2 power systems are increasing, the analysis of the thermodynamic cycles and the components design are regularly performed independently. Consequently, there are no available tools that integrate these two aspects. Such innovation would be useful to obtain a first estimation of the size, cost and performance of the equipment given the desired power output and operating conditions. Additionally, this tool could be used to implement a parametric analysis in order to perform both thermody- namic and economic optimization processes, which are important when a compromise must be found between components size, investment cost, economic rate of return and system effi- ciency. The aim of the work documented in this report is to develop and test a methodology for this purpose. As it will be shown later, the components that share the largest power and probably the largest cost in the s-CO2 systems are the heat exchangers and therefore the scope of this work is the integration of the design procedure for these components with the cycle thermodynamic analysis. The design of turbomachinery equipment is left for further developments. 1-3 Thesis Outline Chapter 2 presents the thermodynamic analysis of three s-CO2 power systems configura- tions: a Brayton regenerative, a Brayton recompression and a Rankine cycle system. The power output and the system efficiency are fixed as targets for the analysis. The different thermodynamic cycles are parametrized, and the effects of the components characteristics on the TIT and the regeneration load are evaluated. The chapter shows finally an overall comparison between the three configurations and leaves two degrees of freedom in the oper- ation characteristics of the systems that are used for the design methods developed in the subsequent chapters. Chapter 3 presents the development of the steady state design methods for the regener- ators and the cooler. Compact heat exchangers and air cooled heat exchangers are chosen for the regenerators and the cooler respectively. The design procedure is based on the dis- cretization of the working fluid passages and the evaluation of each element as an independent control volume. The CO2 properties are obtained by means of a computational fluid prop- erty library, which allows to obtain accurate values in the critical region. The pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient in both heat exchangers are calculated with several correlations, which are validated against real heat exchangers data and a well-known commercial design software. The correlations that give the best results are chosen and used to calculate the weight of the heat exchangers as a function of the operating conditions obtained from the thermodynamic analysis. Chapter 4 presents the application of the methodology described in Chapters 2 and 3 to two study cases. The first one regards the study of the feasibility of s-CO2 Brayton power systems for aerospace propulsion. A state-of-the-art aircraft engine is selected and its thermodynamical operation is studied in order to obtain its performance rating, which is used as the target for the s-CO2 system. The regenerators weight is calculated as a function of varying operating conditions in order to decrease their weight as much as possible and Master of Science Thesis J.S. Bahamonde NoriegaPDF Image | Design method for s-CO2 gas turbine power plants
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