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Design method for s-CO2 gas turbine power plants

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Design method for s-CO2 gas turbine power plants ( design-method-s-co2-gas-turbine-power-plants )

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18 Thermodynamic cycle analysis loss of potential to convert energy into work. It is therefore convenient to perform an exergy analysis to reveal the components causing the largest thermodynamic losses and therefore largest potential for improvement. First it is necessary to state the general exergy balance, Exergy entering − Exergy leaving − Exergy consumption = Exergy accumulation. (2-6) No exergy accumulation is considered in the system, because steady-state operation is as- sumed. The exergy entering the energy conversion system is calculated as 􏰅 T0􏰆 ̇ EE=1−T ̄ QE, (2-7) H where T0 corresponds to the environmental reference temperature, Q ̇ E and T ̄H to the energy addition and the averaged temperature of this process respectively. Both the hot and cold averaged temperature are obtained as a function of the enthalpy and entropy values, T ̄H = h4 − h3.5 , (2-8) s4 − s3.5 T ̄C = h6 − h2 . (2-9) s6 − s2 The subscripts correspond to the states shown in Figure 2-1. The exergy leaving the system corresponds to the net work output, the objective of the system. The exergy consumption corresponds to the exergy losses produced by the irreversibilities of each component, the destruction of exergy in the heat transfer processes and the exergy rejected by the cooler. The exergy loss in a fluid through a process reads ELS = T0f∆sG, (2-10) where f is the mass flow rate and sG is the entropy generated in the process. It is possible to apply this expression to obtain the losses in the the turbine and the compressor, ELS,TR = T0f (s5 − s4) , (2-11) ELS,CM = T0f (s3 − s2) . (2-12) To calculate the exergy balance on the regenerator, it is necessary consider the exergy change of an open, steady state system, ∆E = f ((hE − hL) − T0 (sE − sL)) . (2-13) The exergy balance, applied to the the heat exchanger reads ∆EH − ∆EC = ELS, (2-14) where ∆EH corresponds to the exergy transferred from the hot fluid and ∆EC to the exergy gained by the cold fluid. Combining expressions (2-13) and (2-14) the exergy loss in the regenerator is obtained, J.S. Bahamonde Noriega ELS,RG =fT0((s3.5 −s3)−(s5 −s6)). (2-15) Master of Science Thesis

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