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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Circulated EGS Combined with IGCC in New Mexico Figure 20: Thermal drawdown (TD) with time for sCO2 circulation at rates of 100 and 1000 kg/s for fracture spacing within the reservoir of 10m and 100m. Reservoir is 0.125 km3. 3.5.3. Thermal output With feasible limits placed on circulation rates to ensure a long-lived reservoir, the thermal output may be straightforwardly evaluated from the product of mass flowrate, injection-to- withdrawal temperature differential and specific heat of the working fluid. Thus, the thermal output (Wth) is defined as Wth qFF(TFi TFo)cF 3.2 where all terms are as defined previously. Since the IGCC plant is merely supplying the make-up CO2 to replace leak-off losses, then the circulation rate of the sCO2-EGS system is in direct proportion to the make-up volume rate. For presumed losses of 5%-10% the ultimate reservoir circulation volumes are in the proportion of 20-10 times the IGCC output rates, respectively. Thus IGCC-sCO2 production rates of the order of 80 kg/s (Table 3) translate to sCO2-EGS circulation rates of the order of 800 kg/s (10% loss) to 1600 kg/s (5%). For a presumed reservoir temperature of 200 oC and a reinjection temperature of 60 oC the thermal drop across the system is 140 oC. This results in an augmented upper bound (geo)thermal output of ~150-300 MWth (5%-10% loss) to supplement the 550 MWe from the IGCC. 3.5.4 Thermal drawdown in prototypical reservoir Thermal drawdown within the PFM occurs most rapidly for circulation at 1000 kg/s. Where the fractures are widely spaced (100 m) thermal supply to the circulating fluid is conduction-limited and the reservoir cools rapidly - the reservoir lifetime is of the order of months. Reservoir lifetime is extended for more narrowly spaced fractures and the reservoir approaches a condition of being flowrate limited as evident in the steep decline curve of Figure 21. In this configuration, the thermal drawdown is similar to that of the SRM as in each instance the fluid and average rock temperatures are in equilibrium. However, at this rate of circulation the thermal drawdown is still too severe to be commercially viable limiting the reservoir lifetime to only a few years. However the reservoir lifetime is extended where the circulation rate is reduced. Where the circulation rate is reduced to 100 kg/s the reservoir approaches a state of thermal equilibrium Penn State University | 3.5 Simplified Thermal Drawdown Calculations 37PDF Image | GREAT NECK WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT NASSAU COUNTY, NEW YORK MICROTURBINE INSTALLATION FEASIBILITY STUDY
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