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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Circulated EGS Combined with IGCC in New Mexico 3.7.3 Flash Conversion Systems The flash conversion system converts heat to electricity by allowing the produced geofluid‘s pressure to decrease at constant enthalpy which produces steam which in turn drives a turbine. There are three different types of flash conversion systems. There are single, double, and triple flash systems. Single flash and double flash systems are typically used for subcritical conditions while the triple flash system is a proposed system for supercritical geofluids (Tester et. al., 2006). All three systems operate in a similar manner. A single flash system has one constant enthalpy pressure decrease while the double has two and the triple has three such pressure decreases. The double flash system is more efficient at extracting workable heat energy for electricity generation than a single flash system (Tester et. al., 2006). A double flash conversion system uses two constant enthalpy pressure decreases to create steam at a high pressure and at a lower pressure (See Figure 26). Typically the outflow of the high pressure is fed into the lower pressure steam flow. This allows for additional electricity to be generated. An order of magnitude estimate is that a single flash system sized for 50MW requires 1000kg/s fluid circulation and 200oC (Tester et. al., 2006). A double flash system can produce the same 50 MW at 1000kg/s fluid circulation rate at 180oC (Tester et. al., 2006). This additional efficiency will be required to maximize energy conversion during the initial field development until scCO2 begins to be produced. By itself a flash system is not appropriate for a geofluid that contains both water and scCO2. In addition to scaling issues from phase changes from water there will also be significant corrosion of the turbines which will adversely affect their performance and lifespan. At the pressures and temperatures experienced within the reservoir water and scCO2 are expected. If the flash pressures are determined for either fluid without consideration of the other fluid significant energy losses will occur. An additional caveat for energy conversion in this system is the strong desire to keep the scCO2 in the super critical state throughout the entire process including reinjection. Through the flashing approach the scCO2 will become a gas. The parasitic loading of reforming the scCO2 will represent a significant inefficiency that will affect net power to the grid. To produce significantly more power and decrease operation costs the two fluids need to be separated and processed according to their own physical and phase behaviors. Penn State University | 3.7 Geothermal Energy Conversion Systems 44PDF Image | GREAT NECK WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DISTRICT NASSAU COUNTY, NEW YORK MICROTURBINE INSTALLATION FEASIBILITY STUDY
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